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Torah and Jewish Idea => Torah and Jewish Idea => Topic started by: muman613 on October 16, 2012, 02:01:04 AM

Title: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 16, 2012, 02:01:04 AM
I hope to post some insights on Jewish prayer. Jewish prayer is said in an order, as written in the Siddur, and there is a wisdom for the way the prayers are arranged. The reason, the sages explain, that we are obligated to say three prayer services a day is because our three forefathers, our father Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob each had a set time for prayer. Abraham prayed first thing in the morning. Isaac would pray in the afternoon, while Jacob would pray in the early evening.

We also say three prayers a day, according to the sages, because at the time of the Holy Temple we would bring three sacrifices, one in the morning, one in the afternoon, and one in the early evening. Now that we have no House of Hashem to offer our Korbanot we can only bring our offering through our prayers.


Here are some videos on prayers, in no particular order...

Modeh Ani (I Gratefully Aknowledge)

This is the prayer we wake up to, it is a way of giving thanks for having our soul restored to us.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13U82-pNQrQ

Amidah:

Here is the entire english translation of the 19 blessings which we say while standing before Hashem, making our requests to he who hears our prayers.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ExtCDTnieQ
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 16, 2012, 02:08:49 AM
Baruch Sheomar:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOipa1axzok

51.1: We say (1) "Baruch She'amar" before "Psukei D'Zimra" and "Yishtabach" after them.


MB 1: "Baruch She'amar" - This praise was fixed by the Men of the Great Assembly [the predecessor of the Great Sanhedrin and the Tanaitic period, composed of the greatest spiritual leaders of the people at the beginning of the second Temple period] by a tablet which fell from the heavens which they discovered to have this prayer written on it. And it has 87 words ["Paz": In Hebrew, numbers can be represented by letter combinations, as each letter has a certain numerical value, and the total number is the sum of the values of all the letters. 87 = Pe (80) + Zayin (7), pronounced 'Paz']. And its indicator ["Siman", memory-sign] is 'Rosho Ketem Paz' ["His head is fine gold", Song of Songs 5:11], i.e., the head [beginning] of the prayer is a blessing of 87 [Paz] words. Therefore, one should not detract or add to the 87 words. And it is proper to say "Baruch She'amar" standing, even if one prays alone [and not in a congregation]. And one should hold the 2 tzitziot [tassels of the talis] which are in front of him [When one properly wears the talis, 2 tassels are in front of him and 2 in back] when he recites "Baruch She'amar", and after he ends "Baruch She'amar" he should kiss them. The proper text of the prayer is "B'pheh 'Amo" [Bet - Pheh - Heh, and not "B'phi", Bet - Pheh - Yud] with a Segol ['eh' vowel, under the Pheh. However, the accepted Ashkenazi siddur reads "B'phi", although Hassidim and Sefaradim do say 'B'pheh".] [Also, the last word should be] "B'tishbahot" with a Hirik [short 'i' vowel]. [I don't know what alternate text he is disagreeing with. -- SB]
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 16, 2012, 02:15:19 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PU_pKGqT_EA

    
Yishtabach


Transliteration:

Yishtabach shim'cha la'ad mal'keinu, ha'E-l hamelech hagadol ve'hakadosh, bashamayim u'va'aretz. Ki lecha na'eh Ado-nai Elo-heinu ve'Elo-hei avoseinu, shir u'sh'vacha, halel ve'zimra, oze u'memshala, netzach g'dula u'g'vura, tehila ve'sif'eres, k'dusha u'malchus, b'rachos ve'hoda'os me'ata ve'ad o'lam. Baruch ata Ado-nai, E-l melech gadol batish'bachos, E-l ha'hoda'os, adon hanifla'os, habocher beh'shirei zimra, melech E-l chei ha'olamim.
Translation:

May your Name be praised forever - our King, the G-d, the great and holy King - in heaven and on earth. Because for You is fitting - O Hashem, our G-d, and the G-d of our forefathers - song and praise, lauding and hymns, power and dominition, triumph, greatness and strength, praise and splendor, holiness and sovereignty, blessings and thanksgivings from this time and forever. Blessed are You, Hashem, G-d, King exalted through praises, G-d of thanksgivings, Master of wonder, Who chooses musical songs of praise - King, G-d, Life-giver of the world.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDztt4F51P0

Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 16, 2012, 02:25:33 AM
Mizmor David:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WiBNOfQM5tM

Transliteration:

Mizmor l'David,
Ado-n-oy ro-i lo echsar.
Bin-os desheh yarbitzeini
al mei m'nuchos y'nahaleini.

Nafshi y'shoveiv
yancheini v'ma-aglei tzedekl'ma-an sh'mo. Gam ki eileich b'gei tzalmaves
lo ira ra ki atah imadi
shivtcha umish-antecha
heimah y'nachamuni.

Ta-aroch l'fanai shulchan
neged tzor'rai.
Dishanta vashemen roshi
kosi r'vayah.
Ach tov vachesed yir-d'funi
kol y'mei cha-yay,
v'shavti b'veis Ado-n-oy
l'orech yamim.

Translation:

A Psalm of David.
The L-rd is my shepherd, I shall not want. He lays me down in green pastures, He leads me beside still waters.

He restores my soul. He leads me on the path of justice for His Name's sake. Though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for You are with me.
Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me.

You prepare a table before me in view of my enemies.
You anoint my head with oil, my cup runs over.
May only goodness and kindness follow me all the days of my life.
May I live in the House of the L-rd forever.
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 16, 2012, 02:26:45 AM
Some Halachas of Davening (Laws of prayer)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lws3T5XLyww

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tq096Ej4g-o

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLxdYYLRLf0
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 12:01:59 AM
Some videos on the Shema prayer:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPXpQq6t8a4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph5aZIcDkic

Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 12:11:16 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YnGNyugJY2c

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hJICokjCak
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 12:22:24 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dv2kMTDLvPo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJuUoZRBHeg
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 12:35:06 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9bwEFS7Btk

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zGrfO-gb1Ek

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHpDHGcoZOU
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 12:56:43 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ls2fcS22tq4
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 01:11:03 AM
I like Rabbi Suttons presentations. Although the background sometimes becomes distracting if you are trying to concentrate on what he is saying... But otherwise listening to his talk is educational.



Here is the 1st part of his talk on the Amidah...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7qpLDP2m7uI
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 02:01:11 AM
The prayer of healing 'Misheberach'.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqET3ZHq1hE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oi3Uu9ZJHpQ
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 02:17:12 AM
An interesting clip of the Tefillot of the Breslevers in Uman from last years High Holidays.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHWiKCzqkK4
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 02:34:47 AM
The prayer 'Refuah Shelema' (Complete Healing)...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9pTkqLzeVk

One of the Psalms read for the benefit of the sick is Tehillim 104

Chapter 104

1. My soul, bless the Lord! Lord my G-d, You are greatly exalted; You have garbed Yourself with majesty and splendor. 2. You enwrap [Yourself] with light as with a garment; You spread the heavens as a curtain. 3. He roofs His heavens with water; He makes the clouds His chariot, He moves [them] on the wings of the wind. 4. He makes the winds His messengers, the blazing fire His servants. 5. He established the earth on its foundations, that it shall never falter. 6. The depths covered it as a garment; the waters stood above the mountains. 7. At Your exhortation they fled; at the sound of Your thunder they rushed away. 8. They ascended mountains, they flowed down valleys, to the place which You have assigned for them. 9. You set a boundary which they may not cross, so that they should not return to engulf the earth. 10. He sends forth springs into streams; they flow between the mountains. 11. They give drink to all the beasts of the field; the wild animals quench their thirst. 12. The birds of the heavens dwell beside them; they raise their voice from among the foliage. 13. He irrigates the mountains from His clouds above; the earth is satiated from the fruit of Your works. 14. He makes grass grow for the cattle, and vegetation requiring the labor of man to bring forth food from the earth; 15. and wine that gladdens man's heart, oil that makes the face shine, and bread that sustains man's heart. 16. The trees of the Lord drink their fill, the cedars of Lebanon which He planted, 17. wherein birds build their nests; the stork has her home in the cypress. 18. The high mountains are for the wild goats; the rocks are a refuge for the rabbits. 19. He made the moon to calculate the festivals; the sun knows its time of setting. 20. You bring on darkness and it is night, when all the beasts of the forest creep forth. 21. The young lions roar for prey, and seek their food from G-d. 22. When the sun rises, they return and lie down in their dens. 23. Then man goes out to his work, to his labor until evening. 24. How manifold are Your works, O Lord! You have made them all with wisdom; the earth is full of Your possessions. 25. This sea, vast and wide, where there are countless creeping creatures, living things small and great; 26. there ships travel, there is the Leviathan that You created to frolic therein. 27. They all look expectantly to You to give them their food at the proper time. 28. When You give it to them, they gather it; when You open Your hand, they are satiated with goodness. 29. When You conceal Your countenance, they are terrified; when You take back their spirit, they perish and return to their dust. 30. When You will send forth Your spirit they will be created anew, and You will renew the face of the earth. 31. May the glory of the Lord be forever; may the Lord find delight in His works. 32. He looks at the earth, and it trembles; He touches the mountains, and they smoke. 33. I will sing to the Lord with my soul; I will chant praise to my G-d with my [entire] being. 34. May my prayer be pleasant to Him; I will rejoice in the Lord. 35. May sinners cease from the earth, and the wicked be no more. Bless the Lord, O my soul! Praise the Lord!
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 02:50:09 AM
One of my favorite Tehillim from Shabbat davening is Tehillim 145:


Tehillim - Psalms - Chapter 145


1. A praise of David. I shall exalt You, my God the King, and I shall bless Your name forever and ever.
2. Every day I shall bless You, and I shall praise Your name forever and ever.
3. The Lord is great and very much praised, and His greatness cannot be searched.
4. Generation to generation will praise Your works, and they will recite Your mighty deeds.
5. Of the majesty of the glory of Your splendor and the words of Your wonders I shall speak.
6. And the strength of Your awesome deeds they will tell, and Your greatness I shall sing.
7. Of the remembrance of Your abundant goodness they will speak, and of Your righteousness they will sing.
8. The Lord is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and of great kindness.
9. The Lord is good to all, and His mercies are on all His works.
10. All Your works will thank You, O Lord, and Your pious ones will bless You.
11. They will tell the glory of Your kingdom, and they will speak of Your might.
12. To make known to the children of men His mighty deeds and the glory of the majesty of His kingdom.
13. Your kingdom is a kingdom of all times, and Your ruling is in every generation.
14. The Lord supports all those who fall and straightens all who are bent down.
15. Everyone's eyes look to You with hope, and You give them their food in its time.
16. You open Your hand and satisfy every living thing [with] its desire.
17. The Lord is righteous in all His ways and kind in all His deeds.
18. The Lord is near to all who call Him, to all who call Him with sincerity.
19. He does the will of those who fear Him, and He hears their cry and saves them.
20. The Lord guards all who love Him, and He destroys all the wicked.
21. My mouth will speak the praise of the Lord, and all flesh will bless His holy name forever and ever.

Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on October 17, 2012, 02:57:00 AM
Im off to bed but I'll leave with a moving 'Avinu Malkeinu' (Our Father, Our King):


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9pTkqLzeVk

Avinu Malkeinu – Hewbrew Text and English Translation:

Avinu malkeinu sh’ma kolenu. Avinu malkeinu chatanu l’faneychaOur Father our King, hear our voice. Father our King, we have sinned before Thee

Avinu malkeinu chamol aleynu, Ve’al olaleynu vetapeinu
Our Father our King, have compassion for us, and also on our children

Avinu malkeinu Kaleh dever, vecherev vera’av mealeynu
Our Father our King, bring and end to pestilence, war and famine around us

Avinu malkeinu kaleh chol tsar Umastin mealeynu
Our Father our King, bring an end to all trouble and oppression around us.

Avinu malkeinu, Avinu malkeinu, Kat’veinu besefer chayim tovim
Our Father our King, Our Father our King, inscribe us in the book of life

Avinu malkeinu chadesh aleynu, Chadesh aleynu shanah tovah
Our Father our King, renew upon us, renew upon us a good year

Sh’ma kolenu, Sh’ma kolenu , Sh’ma kolenu
Hear our voice, hear our voice, hear our voice

Avinu malkeinu, Avinu malkeinu, Chadesh aleynu shanah tovah
Our Father our King, Our Father our King, renew upon us a good year

Avinu malkeinu, Sh’ma kolenu, Sh’ma kolenu, Sh’ma kolenu
Our Father our King, hear our voice, hear our voice, hear our voice
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 12:48:46 AM
Some more video and thoughts on Jewish prayer (davening)...

Here is the intro to a new JEM release called 'Davening with the Rebbe'...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5go-4NywtMQ
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 12:50:28 AM
A Breslever Chassid davening...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_HtR7d3Uy4
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 12:58:26 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmK_qINukHg
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 01:03:31 AM
Some more scenes of Chassidic Jews davening..

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIii4d96GSo
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 01:10:15 AM
More Davening with the Lubavitcher Rebbe....

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSdM_U-HPjE
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 01:18:06 AM
Thoughts about Jewish davening/prayer...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ttv1JaH0QKA
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 01:24:30 AM
More thoughts about where a Jew should be looking when he is davening. As the Chabad Rebbe said, according to Jewish Law a person should look only at the words in the siddur...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dwCTLRzb8qI
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 01:30:17 AM
A Naaleh Rabbi explains about the responses to the prayers....

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7j6eE5UtYhI
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 01:39:25 AM
It is hard for me to daven Minchah except for on Yom Tovim (Holidays and Shabbat) because I have to work pretty much through the afternoon. Sometimes I bring my Tefillin and daven near where I work but it is a big hassle. I hope someday to be able to daven Minchah more...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMhDU2ER87Y
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 01:49:30 AM
Nice video on davening..

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISRms9t4-Ks
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 01:50:12 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K2GXffrjy9g
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 02:07:26 AM
Last week I attended two mourners minyans (minyans called to say Kaddish with the mourner during Shiva)...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RP8BqVLK4-w

More about the Kaddish prayer..

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nu4iFNcBqvM

Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 02:12:57 AM
About the Full and Half Kaddish which is said several times during the davening...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5UOFaUJm-Y
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 02:17:31 AM
I don't remember if I already posted this. But I will post it here because this video shows how to say the Amidah and the tune which is popularly sung for the repetition.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phAPQ-Qu8ZY
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 02:27:30 AM
He does more of the blessings of the Amidah/Shemonei Esreh in this video....

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zcgneLmNGE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMl3qwHgIHo
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 02:45:54 AM
How about a 'musical interlude'? Here is a version of the prayer 'Sim Shalom' which Rabbi Ginsburg mentioned is one of the concluding prayers of the Amidah...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCob7AlN8rY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z51jTIhK8wM

Bestow peace, goodness and blessing, life, graciousness, kindness and mercy, upon us and upon all Your people Israel. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one, with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us, L-rd our G‑d, the Torah of life and loving-kindness, righteousness, blessing, mercy, life and peace. May it be favorable in Your eyes to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment, with Your peace.

Sim sha-lom to-va uv-ra-cha, cha-yim, chein va-che-sed v'ra-cha-mim, a-lei-nu v'al kol Yis-ra-eil a-me-cha. Ba-r'chei-nu a-vi-nu, ku-la-nu k'e-chad, b'or pa-ne-cha, ki v'or pa-ne-cha na-ta-ta la-nu, A-do-nai E-lo-hei-nu, To-rat cha-yim v'a-ha-vat che-sed, utz-da-ka uv-ra-cha v'ra-cha-mim, v'cha-yim v'sha-lom, v'tov b'ei-ne-cha l'va-reich et a-m'cha Yis-ra-eil b'chol eit uv-chol sha-ah bish-lo-me-cha.
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 03:01:04 AM
Here is a cantor doing a version of Sim Shalom:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEOan6fVpbA
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 06, 2013, 03:16:14 AM
Here is a translation of the Amidah...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ExtCDTnieQ
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 02:12:26 PM
http://www.breslev.co.il/articles/breslev/rebbe_nachmans_wisdom/shining_sword.aspx?id=23811&language=english

The Shining Sword
By: Rabbi Shalom Arush
Translated by Rabbi Lazer Brody

Rebbe Chanina teaches that anyone who prays at length will have his prayers answered (Berachot, page 32). Do you know what that means? It means that if we are still in Diaspora and exile, it's only because we haven't prayed enough. Many of you who are reading this don't believe what I'm saying; this is proof that you don't believe in the power of prayer. I don't blame you – your parents and teachers don't believe in the power of prayer either, and they didn't teach you. But this is not only their problem – the Jewish People ever since the time of Moses have done wonderful things in Torah and in mitzva observance, but they haven't believed in the power of prayer.
 
Rebbe Nachman teaches (see Likutei Moharan I:2) that the weapon of the Jewish People is prayer. Do you know why we have problems? We're like some confused and terrified soldier who's surrounded by enemies that have tanks, artillery, missiles and every other type of weapon. Why is our soldier so bewildered and frightened? He's unarmed! But really, he is armed. Not only that, but he has better firepower than all the enemies put together. The tragedy is that he not only doesn't know how to operate his weapon, he doesn't believe in his weapon! That's a sad story.
 
The Jewish People are like that sad soldier. This world is a battlefield and life on this earth a constant war. There's no way to sugar-coat this fact. The only way to defeat our enemies – the evil inclination and all the temptations that surround us – is to use our weapon of prayer.
 
Don't think that I don't have an evil inclination. My evil inclination could kill five-hundred people at once. But I fight him; I don't give in to him. I never put my weapon down, because it's dangerous to do so. I have this shining sword that not only blinds my Evil Inclination, but dismembers him – my shining sword is prayer – lots of it.
 
I often pondered free choice; long ago, I came to the conclusion that our only free choice is to desire to pray or not.
 
Maybe nature dictates a certain situation, but prayer is above nature; better yet, prayer dictates nature.
 
One of the most important parts of teshuva is resolving to do better. People make all types of resolutions, especially at New Year, but the overwhelming majority never changes. They fall back into old habits and old patterns. Their teshuva wasn't worth much because the resolution to do better was too weak to last. What is a resolution? A resolution is a solemn promise to improve. We can't improve on our own, for we need Hashem's help, which we attain by means of praying. So if you must pray to improve, and you must improve in order for your resolution to have been sincere, then by logic, prayer is the only legitimate resolution!
 
Rebbe Chanina ben Dosa could tell if a sick person would recover or not. “I'm neither a prophet nor the son of a prophet, but when I am able to pray for a person's recovery, I know that he will live!” How did he know this? Rebbe Chanina ben Dosa knew that if has being allowed to pray for someone, then Hashem would surely cure that person, since by nature of craetion, prayer yields results.
 
People protest and tell me, “I prayed, but I didn't see results!” There's no such thing. The mere fact that you prayed means that Hashem enabled you to pray.
 
Hashem wants us to pray for everything, because anything we attain without prayer is detrimental to us. The great tzadikim had such difficult lives because Hashem wanted to hear their prayers. Without his arduous tribulations, Rebbe Nachman of Breslev would have been simply Nachman. Rebbe Nachman's prayers are what made Rebbe Nachman.
 
The purpose of Torah learning is to acquire emuna, and emuna is prayer. That means that true Torah should bring us to sincere prayer. Only an ignoramus cuts prayers short in order to learn Torah.
 
Do you remember Rebbe Nachman's story, “The Master of Prayer”? We should all be part of the master of prayer's group. Let's pick up the shining sword and use it. That's the weapon that will win the war and bring us Moshiach, speedily and in our days, amen!
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 02:17:28 PM
http://www.breslev.co.il/articles/breslev/customs_and_thought/nusach_ha_tefillah.aspx?id=2245&language=english

Nusach Ha-Tefillah - The Breslov Way
 
By: Rabbi Dovid Sears
 
Le‘ilui nishmat Leib ben Yitzchak Ya’akov Sears, a”h - Yartzeit: 30 Shevat, Rosh Chodesh Adar
 
Le'ilui nishmat Yosef ben Shmuel Zeitlin, a"h - Yartzeit: 18 Menachem Av
 
We continue with our new series of minhagim and hanhagot tovot of Breslov. We invite you to peruse our previous entries by accessing our archives.
 
 
Nusach ha-Tefillah (continued)
 
Rabbi Noson Tzvi Kenig of Bnei Brak compiled a "Breslover Siddur" that includes numerous Breslov teachings on various parts of the prayer service, published as Siddur Sha'arei Ratzon. However, the nusach is the standard Chassidic Nusach Sefard, and does not reflect any special Breslover nusach ha-tefillah.
 
* * *
 
According to oral tradition, the Rebbe once remarked, "If I had been born into a family that davenned according to Nusach Ashkenaz, I would daven according to Nusach Ashkenaz." Reb Dovid Zeitlin, who grew up in the Oberlander community that follows Nusach Ashkenaz, once asked Reb Gedaliah about this sichah. He answered, "We need to know what the Rebbe meant by this: to whom he said it, and under what circumstances" (Cf. Si'ach Sarfei Kodesh I, 90).
 
* * *
 
EDITOR: It is noteworthy that in Chayei Moharan (“Ma’alat Toraso u-Sefarav”) 366, the Rebbe relates his teachings to the order of the daily prayers. He states, “We are still standing before ‘Barukh she-amar,” but after ‘Hodu.’" Aside from the mystical meaning of this remark, it also happens to reflect nusach Sefard / nusach ARI.
 
* * *
 
Reb Zalman Naftalis heard from Rav Moshe Bick and his son, Rav Avraham Bick, direct descendants of the rabbonim of Medzhibuzh, that although the Baal Shem Tov davenned from the Siddur ARI, his shul followed nusach Ashkenaz. This was the nusach of the shul before the Baal Shem Tov came to Medzhibuzh. Historically, only yechidim davenned from the Siddur ARI during this period. The sectarian emphasis on Chassidim davenning according to nusach ARI, special clothing for men and women, takanot, etc., came from the school of the Maggid, and especially from the Rebbe Reb Melekh and his talmidim.
 
* * *
 
Breslover Chassidim traditionally daven according to the version of Nusach Sefard -- i.e., the Chassidic rite, which is rooted in Nusach Ashkenaz -- that was popular in the Ukraine, with a few minor variations noted below.
 
* * *
 
The Siddur most commonly used by Ukrainian Chassidim was Rabbi Moshe of Slavita’s Siddur Avodah U-Moreh Derekh. It is likely that the Breslover Chassidim in Uman and environs also used this Siddur (heard from Rabbi Mordekhai Twersky, Hornestiepler Rebbe of Flatbush).
 
* * *
 
Other popular nusach Sefard Siddurim available in the Ukraine were Ohr la-Yesharim, printed in Zhitomir, and Tefillah Yesharah, AKA the “Berditchever Siddur.” Both contain the commentary Keser Nehorah by Rabbi Aharon of Zhelikhov (author of Keter Shem Tov, the first anthology of teachings from the Baal Shem Tov).
 
* * *
 
When asked which printed Siddur the Breslover Chassidim used in the Ukraine, Rabbi Michel Dorfman replied with temimut u-peshitut, “The Chassidisheh Siddur, not the Misnagdisheh Siddur (i.e. Nusach Ashkenaz)!” From this, it would seem that all Chassidim in the region followed the same basic nusach, more or less.
 
* * *
 
Reb Gedaliah's nusach is presented below, where indicated. The nusach that Reb Gedaliah received from Reb Avraham was Reb Nosson’s nusach. However, he did not receive everything. Therefore, he told his talmidim that in place of what he was not mekabel, they should follow what Rav Chaim Vital writes in Sha'ar ha-Kavannot (primarily in the section Inyan Tefillat Shacharits, pp. 50-51) in the name of the ARI zal, since this is the most reliable source. (Details of Reb Gedaliah's nusach were heard from Rabbi Elazar Kenig, Rabbi Noach Cheifetz, Rabbi Yisrael Davis, Rabbi Dovid Shapiro, and Rabbi Chaim Man. The nusach of Sha'ar ha-Kavannot is presented with annotations in the recent collection of minhagei ARI zal, Even ha-Shoham, Vol. I, Hilchot Berakhot Nusach ha-Tefillah, pp. 106-115; also cf. ibid. 119-125, Seder ha-Shemoneh Esreh according to Pri Eitz Chaim, pp. 165-174. Rabbi David Kafsian argues that the derekh of Breslov is deeply connected to that of the ARI zal, and whenever it is possible to fulfill the words of the ARI zal, one should do so; see Sefer Heikhal Ariel [2002], beginning.)
 
* * *
 
Reb Gedaliah did not teach his family members his personal nusach ha-tefillah, and only gave it over to a few talmidim who urged him to do so. (This is true of most of his other minhagim, as well.) Thus, Reb Gedaliah’s nusach was not stressed when the Tzefat community was established, and the nusach of the community does not always correspond to what is written here. Reb Gedaliah considered the generic nusach Sefard to be basically nusach ARI. Most members of the Tzefas kehillah use the Tefillat Kol Peh Nusach Sefard Siddur published by Eshkol (heard from Rabbi Elazar Kenig and Rabbi Chaim Man).
 
* * *
 
Rabbi Nachman Burshteyn also said that for many decades, Breslover Chassidim in Yerushalayim used the Tefillat Kol Peh Nusach Sefard Siddur.
 
* * *
 
Reb Elazar has told Sefardic members of his kehillah not to change their nusach ha-tefillah.
 
However, if at some point they wish to change to the nusach of the community, which is basically the Chassidic Nusach Sefard, they are permitted to do so. This seems to be the common approach to this issue elsewhere, as well.
 
To be continued…
 
 
(With permission from The Breslov Center for Spirituality and Inner Growth http://www.nachalnovea.com/breslovcenter)



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Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 02:32:26 PM

http://www.torah.org/advanced/nesivosshalom/howwedaven.html

Nesivos Shalom
How We Daven 1

By Rabbi Yitzchok Adlerstein

Rambam loses no time at the beginning of Hilchos Tefillah in placing davening in a mitzvah universe of its own. Unlike so many practical, activity-oriented mitzvos, prayer is “avodah,” a Divine “service,” albeit performed in the heart.

Rambam proceeds to dissect this unique mitzvah, but we are puzzled by some of the components. We find it difficult to understand why all of these pieces are so valuable in painting a spiritual canvas of davening. Why is the regularity so important – that we “pray and entreat each day?” Why is it essential that we “relate His praises?” And what is so spiritual and so essential about “asking for our needs…in requests and entreaties?” If and when a person needs something, let him simply go the One who can fill his request? Why do we elevate this practice into the very definition of what prayer is about?

The Ari z”l pithily observed that the holy intentions of davening bring about the union of HKBH and His Shechinah. At the heart of this mystical teaching stands the very down to earth central element of prayer. Ultimately, tefillah is about union. Davening unites us with Hashem. This devekus is so potent, that it spills over to the Upper Worlds, where it brings HKBH and the Shechinah together in a mystical union.

When this realization penetrates, we have little trouble understanding all the items that the Rambam includes. Each one plays a role in bringing us close to Hashem, in leading us to devekus.

First, Rambam tells us that a person should “pray and entreat each day.” He does not mean that we turn to Hashem for our needs – he mentions doing that at a later point. Rather, Rambam tells us that the essence of davening is pouring out our souls, from a heart full of love into the heart of the One we love. A more elevated subcategory of this emotional expression is pouring out our souls specifically about spiritual needs, whether they are born of intense longing for Hashem, or of the pain of feeling distant from Him, removed from the closeness we would like to feel.

Rambam then speaks about declaring Hashem’s praise. This, too, is difficult to grasp at first. Of what value are the praises of puny, uncomprehending Man, who cannot begin to understand the greatness of his Creator? Whatever words he offers actually diminish Hashem’s honor, rather than add to it, because he so completely understates – no matter how hard he tries – Hashem’s greatness. (The gemara [2] actually mocks the person who is lavish in his praise of Hashem: “Have you completely accounted for all His praises?”)

We can find an analogy to the value of declaring His praises in the singing of shirah. Shirah is the expression of the devekus we feel for Hashem. Its source is the longing for Him, the thirst for closeness that cannot be slaked.

Maharal explains even more. Shirah, he says, is appropriate to the Jewish people, because they are described as Hashem’s children. This is turn means that in them we sense the complete dependence of one for the other; we can see in their existence no other source other than the Divine. There is no pretense of being able to make it on their own.

Jews can be described as the “effects” gravitating to their Cause. Maharal takes up this theme to explain the medrash that at the crossing of the Sea, a nursing child turned away from its mother when it saw the Shechinah, and it, too, recited the Song of the Sea. Ordinarily, the bond between baby and mother is that of effect and cause. The child is completely dependent upon and linked to the mother that both gave birth to it and continues to supply it with all of it needs. When the Shechinah manifested itself at the Sea, however, the child discovered its more fundamental Cause, and turned towards it in declaration of that dependence. This thought gives voice to the mode of address of Klal Yisroel to HKBH in singing shirah: a declaration of full and absolute dependence.

The statement of connection and dependence is not limited to joyous declaration through shirah. In truth, it applies to the opposite as well. Feelings of pain and suffering can also be a kind of shirah, in that they too can express profound longing for Hashem. A person can sense Hashem’s love for him in the midst of, or more accurately because of, the suffering he endures. He can sense that Hashem afflicts him only to lovingly guide him in a different direction.

Succinctly put, a person cannot sing any kind of shirah with stunted, suppressed feelings, nor with a closed-up mind and heart. Shirah can only come from emotions whose restraints have loosened, so that they are developed and magnified.

When our emotions are set free in this way, the possibilities for shirah multiply. We then participate in shirah not only through expansiveness, but even in our travail. To be sure, we recite a from of shirah when we properly read from pesukei de-zimrah, the selections of praise in Tehillim in the morning prayer: “Praise Hashem from the heavens. Praise Him in the heights….Praise Him, sun and moon; praise Him, all bright stars…Praise Hashem from the earth, sea giants and all watery depths. Fire and hail, snow and vapor, raging wind fulfilling His word.” [3] There is a form of shirah, however, implicit as well in our heartfelt plea to Him: “Hashem, do not rebuke me in Your anger, nor chastise me in Your rage. Favor me, Hashem, for I am feeble.” [4] “How long, Hashem, will you endlessly forget me? How long will You hide Your face from me?” [5] is part of a section of Tehillim called mizmor, not lamentation. Even “O G-d, the nations have entered into Your inheritance. They have defiled the Sanctuary of Your holiness” [6] is part of a mizmor. For those who composed these lines, all was shirah. Dovid found himself in the wilderness, a far from the precincts of kedushah, and through it expressed his longing for Hashem: “O G-d, You are my G-d. I seek You. My soul thirsts for You. My flesh longs for You.” [7]

On Shabbos, we elevate this mode of davening to a position of exclusivity. We eliminate all the requests and petitions from the middle section of Shemonah Esrei, and instead wax lyical about the specialness of Shabbos! During the week, our prayer combines goals and means of achieving them. We spend ample time expressing our vulnerabilities, our wants and desires, and directly beseech Hashem for solutions. We also seek closeness to Hashem through the shirah of praising Him. On Shabbos, when we taste of the experience of olam habo, we elect only the more elevated of the two modes, and shift entirely to giving voice to our longing and desire for Him. We act similarly on Yom Tov, where the musaf speaks of our longing for Him in the midst of our galus, exiled without the closeness of the Beis Ha- Mikdosh. On the Yamim Noraim, we are even more focused. We spend an enormous amount of time in shirah – all of it effectively connected to one theme: our intense desire to see Hashem’s malchus fully reign over the entire world.

Rambam continues with a third element of tefillah, one we mentioned above in passing. We ask Hashem for all we need. We might think that this is self-centered and unholy. [8] Maharal [9] explains that the opposite is true. By turning to Hashem for every need, large and small, we negate our self-sufficiency and self- importance. Instead, we realize that we are utterly dependent upon Him – and therefore inexorably attached to him, as surely as a tree is attached to the ground.

The daily schedule of tefillah allows us to refine this idea of complete dependence, to experience it with all parts of our being.

In the first moments of consciousness, our basic physicality resists any suggestion of disturbing the sweetness and tranquility of sleep, or lying dormant and inactive. Rising to daven shacharis, we submit ourselves physically to His service.

Sometime at the height of our frenetic activity to wring as much productivity out of our working time as possible, we pause for mincha. In so doing, we attach our monetary interests entirely to Him.

After dark, when we contend with work-induced exhaustion, it is natural that we should want nothing more than calm, solitude, and rest. We disturb the stillness and serenity that we seek in our spirits by interrupting once more, and turning to Hashem at maariv. We thus subjugate our spirits to Him as well.

Between the different daily tefillos, then, we emphasize our complete reliance upon Him, to the point that we hold back none of the different parts of ourselves – physical, monetary, spiritual. In everything we are, we are really only Him. This understanding is what we call Elokus – His serving as the recognized, perceived power behind all of us and everything.

It is natural to look out for ourselves, to satisfy our ordinary wants and desires. Each of us is at the center of our own universe. Nothing is as real to us as our own experience, because everything we think or know or sense exists within our own experience. According to this passage in Maharal, in our quest to look out for ourselves, we come to realize that we are not so real, and not so central. We gradually understand that the ultimate reality, and the only ultimate existence, is Hashem Himself.

Paradoxically, it is the part of prayer that seems most us-centered – our laundry list of needs and wants – that leads us to the conclusion that it is not about us at all.



1. Based on Nesivos Shalom, vol. 1 pgs. 181-185
2. Berachos 33B
3. Tehillim 148
4. Tehillim 6
5. Tehillim 13
6. Tehillim 79:1
7. Tehillim 63:1-2
8. Indeed, people outside the observant community who begin to study traditional Judaism often voice their discomfort with attaching so much spiritual significance to what seems to be a shopping spree in a Heavenly supermarket
9. Nesiv He-Avodah, chap. 3
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 02:43:02 PM

http://www.torah.org/advanced/nesivosshalom/avodahprimer.html

Nesivos Shalom
Avodah: A Primer 1

The Gemara’s depiction[2] of the oveid Hashem does not give us much cause for celebration. Most of us will have to concede that we haven’t passed the litmus test very often.

Here is what the Gemara says: “‘You will return and see the difference between a righteous person and a wicked person, between one who serves G-d and one who does not serve Him.’ [3]…There is no comparison between one who studies his passage one hundred times, and one who studies his passage one hundred and one times.” Why should there be so much importance attached to the difference between those two numbers? How many of us can say we passed the test?

Upon reflection, however, we realize that the Gemara actually provides a compelling and useful definition. We cannot imagine ourselves getting too excited about the hundred and first round of studying anything at all. The novelty, the sense of discovery would have disappeared long before, leaving mostly tedium in their wake. That is precisely the point. Avodas Hashem means, first and foremost, serving Hashem for the sole purpose of fulfilling His Will, even when unaccompanied by any pleasure or positive feeling. The Gemara provides a hypothetical illustration, regarding someone who might still squeeze some surprise and enjoyment from his one hundredth attempt at a piece of text, but gets none at all from the one that follows. He makes that last attempt only to satisfy His expectation. This makes him an Oveid Hashem; the time before may yield him much reward, but it does not earn him that distinction.

We reach the level of Oveid Hashem only through the expenditure of extraordinary effort in fulfilling His Will, even when unattended by any other satisfaction. We find this most pointedly in regard to Moshe Rabbenu. He is described in ways that are not shared by any other human being: speaking “mouth to mouth…beholding the image of Hashem;” [4] “Never again has there arisen in Israel a prophet like Moshe, whom Hashem had known face to face.” [5]Yet it is neither of these extraordinary descriptions that capture his uniqueness and specialness, but a much simpler one. When summing him up in an economy of words, the Torah calls him simply, “Moshe, the servant of Hashem.” [6] This title underscores his love for Hashem, which allows him to do His bidding in the manner of a faithful servant.

The image is further amplified in a medrash. [7] A king decides to test the devotion of his children and servants. He wishes to distinguish between those who both fear and love him, and those who only fear him, but do not love him. He readies a narrow alley of four amos by four amos. Inside it, he constructs a courtyard of only four tefachim on a side; it in turn contains an extremely narrow doorway. The king’s children and servants stand within the alley and courtyard. He understands that only those who truly love him will push themselves through the doorway, will force themselves through with great exertion, and thereby encounter the king on the other side.

Chazal had this in mind when they declared, “‘I toiled and succeeded’ – believe him; ‘I did not toil and succeeded’ – do not believe him.” [8] A person who attempts to apprehend HKBH using his natural gifts and talents will not succeed, even if those gifts of intelligence and insight usually afford him penetrating insight and understanding. In reaching out across the abyss of incomprehension to HKBH Himself, only toil and effort meet with success.

This, then, is the requisite first step in avodas Hashem: becoming a willing soldier in faithfully manning his assigned, holy station, and working with great effort. He is consistent in his performance, acting with the same alacrity during the dark times of his life as during the bright ones. Even when times seem oppressive to him – whether because he bears the load of weighty yitzrei ra, or because his spirit is so darkened and uninspired, that he feels that his entire facility for spiritual responsiveness has rotted away from within – he does not relent in fulfilling his obligations. He tells himself that if it is the Creator’s Will that he live a spiritually darkened experience, then he will respond to that Will with joy and happiness.

Acquiring this first step has prerequisites of its own. Chief among them is developing utter and complete confidence that victory is his if he wants it. He must know that if he struggles mightily and pushes himself through the narrow doorway, Hashem will help him achieve his goal. He must understand that HKBH does not come after people cunningly. [9] If He challenges a person with extraordinary tests, He also gives that person extraordinary tools and talents to be able to pass those tests. He must keep in mind that all the effort he is required to expend pales in comparison to what he will achieve, and that of all the pleasures in this world, nothing holds a candle to the feeling of being close to Hashem. Nothing could be a more worthwhile and profitable endeavor. There are no close competitors. He must hold to a steady course, never wavering, remembering the image of the menorah, literally monolithic, one continuous piece of pure gold, hammered into shape. Such must be his avodah – continuous and uninterrupted, knowing that any small break will weaken the entire enterprise.

You will come across people who have spent decades in pursuit of ruchniyus, and are bitter and disappointed. Despite many years of trying, their achievement still comes up short. These people are often victims of their own enthusiasm. They have given valiantly of themselves – but skimped on the essential preparation. Working on ruchniyus without first preparing oneself in avodas Hashem simply does not work. It is the equivalent of spending lavishly on a tall building, but doing an inadequate job on the underground foundation. A building will never last without a strong foundation. There is some natural resistance to spending freely on the foundation. No one ever sees it. Such a policy is, of course, foolish and counterproductive. Yet people do the same, jumping into the work of the seemingly more rewarding parts of the pursuit of ruchniyus, without doing due diligence to the very first and most important step – the acquisition of a strong commitment to avodas Hashem.

“Counterproductive” is not too strong a word. Chazal tell us [10] that whosever wisdom exceeds his positive activities, his wisdom will not last. Would it not have been more accurate to talk about someone whose actions don’t keep up with his wisdom? The problem cannot be his excess of knowledge, so much as his deficiency of mitzvos!

Yet this is the point. The Rebbe of Ruzhyn offered the analogy of a fruit. Hashem prepared the skin to protect the delicate tissue. If the tissue bulged and extended outside of the skin, many hazards would compromise its integrity. Wisdom requires the protection of significant mitzvos. Those mitzvos protect the integrity of the wisdom, of Torah learning and spiritual insight. Without protection, the wisdom itself is subject to attack by many waiting spiritual detriments, which can bring great spiritual illness to a person.

It takes a bit of insight to realize how important avodas Hashem is as the ground floor in spiritual progress. It takes some more insight to sustain the task of building that sense of avodah, of accepting the responsibility of fulfilling Hashem’s Will regardless of how much or how little fulfillment it may initially provide us. As in many areas of life, however, there are no shortcuts.



1. Based on Nesivos Shalom, vol. 1, pgs. 235-238
2. Chagigah 9B
3. Malachi 3:18
4. Bamidbar 12:8
5. Devarim 34:10
6. Yehoshuah 1:1
7. Tanna d’vei Eliyahu 16
8. Megillah 6B
9. Avodah Zarah 3A
10. Avos 3:12
Text Copyright © 2009 by Rabbi Yitzchok Adlerstein and Torah.org
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 07:22:43 PM
Baruch Sheomar is one of the first prayers said during Shacharit, here is the tune which we sing it...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yMOyyd_boLc
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 07:24:52 PM
Some insight on the Baruch Sheomar, from the Pesuki DeZimrah...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGFW5g84r8E

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_Y8WzVPuDQ
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 07:32:27 PM
Pesuki DeZimrah sung in a beautiful middle eastern chant...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpX2Kl7kUwo
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 07:36:33 PM
Here is Rabbi Trugman, from OhrChadash, talking about the concept we meditate on during Baruch Sheomar. The idea that Hashem created the entire creation using words and letters...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQa9PTDFohE
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 07:44:10 PM
A couple more on the Pesuki DeZimrah:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hP5C636zPk8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4wVpPphdB8

Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 08:07:28 PM
Musical interpretation of Tehillim (Psalms)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHwDuygn-jE

Tehillim - Psalms - Chapter 121

1. A song for ascents. I shall raise my eyes to the mountains, from where will my help come?
2. My help is from the Lord, the Maker of heaven and earth.
3. He will not allow your foot to falter; Your Guardian will not slumber.
4. Behold the Guardian of Israel will neither slumber nor sleep.
5. The Lord is your Guardian; the Lord is your shadow; [He is] by your right hand.
6. By day, the sun will not smite you, nor will the moon at night.
7. The Lord will guard you from all evil; He will guard your soul.
8. The Lord will guard your going out and your coming in from now and to eternity.
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 08:10:47 PM
Rabbi Moshe in Tzfat talks about Tehillim 12:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1JTWX9DPH4
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 08:25:04 PM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-CIm8RnmjY
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on February 18, 2013, 08:31:40 PM
Here Rabbi Fishbain expresses the idea which Rabbi Brody and Rabbi Arush discussed in an article I posted above. That prayer is one of the main weapons of the Jewish people.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=313X05A7L7Q
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on March 04, 2013, 12:57:39 AM
Rabbi Berel Wein on the topic of Jewish prayer... It was given just prior to the month of Elul, the preparation for the Holiday of Rosh Hashanah.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gL7t8QryX5Y
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 01:36:58 AM
Since Rafeli18 recently showed some interest in learning Jewish prayer I bumped this thread back up and am adding some new material.

Here is a video on the blessing we say on the bread before the meal...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1ja3dlSNd8
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 01:40:08 AM
A video which outlines how a Torah service is conducted:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bt2NGA91vJE

NOTE: It seems that this video was made in a conservative shul (which permits women to be called for aliyah). Orthodox shuls do not call women to the Torah. Also this video differs from the minhag of my shul where the one who got the aliyah is given a MiShebayach blessing.

Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 01:50:33 AM
The Amidah/Standing prayer...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3fp2gC7ST4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AO-Tnc5VvFE
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 01:56:42 AM
Another video on the basics of Kaddish (The mourners prayer)...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tyJa23C1gME
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 02:02:04 AM
It is a custom to bless Hashem 100 times a day. So a frum yid says blessings on the most basic things, from eating a fruit, to going to the bathroom...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXrs4jvyXKA
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 02:07:07 AM
The prayer Yigdal is based on Rambams 13 principles of faith...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDCjQrM2bbo
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 02:15:13 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tq096Ej4g-o
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: Sveta on July 17, 2013, 02:18:06 AM
thank you Muman. I know there is no such thing as "coincidence" int his world but just today I was thinking and said "I don't know how to pray, no one ever taught me". Fast forward a few hours later and I see this! :)
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 02:19:25 AM
thank you Muman. I know there is no such thing as "coincidence" int his world but just today I was thinking and said "I don't know how to pray, no one ever taught me". Fast forward a few hours later and I see this! :)

Shalom IsraeliHeart... I am so happy to be a part of this great big world of Hashems, at the end of days we will really understand exactly why everything happened exactly when it did...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMRHHh8hm-c
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 02:25:55 AM
The Sabbath Candle Lighting prayer and ritual...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfAPpdioc5w
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 17, 2013, 02:29:57 AM
There are many readings of Kaddish when davening in a minyan. One variety of Kaddish is sthe Rabbis Kaddish which is depicted in this video:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bf4EH8Jexbo

http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/371110/jewish/Text-of-the-Mourners-Kaddish.htm

Exalted and hallowed be His great Name. (Congregation responds: "Amen.")

Throughout the world which He has created according to His Will. May He establish His kingship, bring forth His redemption and hasten the coming of His Moshiach. (Cong: "Amen.")

In your lifetime and in your days and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, sword, famine and death shall cease from us and from the entire Jewish nation, speedily and soon, and say, Amen.

(Cong: "Amen. May His great Name be blessed forever and to all eternity, blessed.")

May His great Name be blessed forever and to all eternity. Blessed and praised, glorified, exalted and extolled, honored, adored and lauded be the Name of the Holy One, blessed be He. (Cong: "Amen.")

Beyond all the blessings, hymns, praises and consolations that are uttered in the world; and say, Amen. (Cong: "Amen.")

Upon Israel, and upon our sages, and upon their disciples, and upon all the disciples of their disciples, and upon all those who occupy themselves with the Torah, here or in any other place, upon them and upon you, may there be abundant peace, grace, kindness, compassion, long life, ample sustenance and deliverance, from their Father in heaven; and say, Amen. (Cong: Amen.)

May there be abundant peace from heaven, and a good life for us and for all Israel; and say, Amen. (Cong: "Amen.")

He Who makes peace (Between Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur substitute: "the peace") in His heavens, may He make peace for us and for all Israel; and say, Amen. (Cong: "Amen.")
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 18, 2013, 01:09:34 AM
Here are three prayers which were set to music by a performer I have seen and met, Saul Kaye. His last album Tefillah contains the following songs:

Aleinu:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFFfyBDAri4

Adon Olam
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDFBHuXkXtM

Al TIra
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F5UC6YbrQcg
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 18, 2013, 01:24:14 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vt_ImCkLRqs
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 18, 2013, 01:30:38 AM
A long discussion of how prayer is important for Jews and for the entire world..

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yq8bP0EMskQ
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 18, 2013, 02:10:03 AM
Rabbi Eli Mansour talks at the Tefillah symposium..

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eeCJ4D9dL4E
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 21, 2013, 10:01:28 PM
I just uploaded a video for a song about Shema...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JY0jqlKl72w

A video about some laws and meditations on Shema...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H7CbNti0YnA
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 21, 2013, 10:05:14 PM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pKQFMy9-6IE
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 21, 2013, 10:09:17 PM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dv2kMTDLvPo
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 21, 2013, 10:21:32 PM
Saying the Third paragraph of Shema... (Vayomer...)...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l8V9GeUtI1E
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 21, 2013, 10:39:53 PM
Mechon Mamre has a lot of great information including the JewFaq.... Here is what they say about Tefillah...

http://www.mechon-mamre.org/jewfaq/prayer.htm

Prayers and Blessings
Level:  Intermediate
Tefillah:  Prayer

The Hebrew word for prayer is tefillah.  It is derived from the root Pe-Lamed-Lamed and the word l'hitpallel, meaning to judge oneself.  This surprising word origin provides insight into the purpose of Jewish prayer.  The most important part of any Jewish prayer, whether it be a prayer of petition, of thanksgiving, of praise of God, or of confession, is the introspection it provides, the moment that we spend looking inside ourselves, seeing our role in the universe and our relationship to God.

For an observant Jew, prayer is not simply something that happens in synagogue once a week (or even three times a day).  Prayer is an integral part of everyday life.  In fact, one of the most important prayers, the Birkat Ha-Mazon, is never recited in synagogue services!

Observant Jews are constantly reminded of God's presence and of our relationship with God, because we are continually praying to Him.  Our first thoughts and words in the morning, even before we get out of bed, is a prayer thanking God for returning our souls to us.  There are prayers to be recited just before enjoying a material pleasure, such as eating or drinking, or just after them, such as after eating or drinking or after buying new clothes or ordinary household items; prayers to recite before performing any mitzvah (commandment), such as washing hands or lighting candles; prayers to recite upon seeing anything unusual, such as a king, a rainbow, or the site of a great tragedy; prayers to recite whenever some good or bad thing happens; and prayers to recite before going to bed at night.  All of these prayers are in addition to formal prayer services, which are performed three times a day every weekday and additional times on sabbaths and festivals.  See Jewish Liturgy.

The Need for Prayer

Many people today do not see the need for regular, formal prayer.  "I pray when I feel inspired to, when it is meaningful to me", they say.  This attitude overlooks two important things:  the purpose of prayer, and the need for practice.

One purpose of prayer is to increase your awareness of God in your life and the role that God plays in your life.  If you only pray when you feel inspired (that is, when you are already aware of God), then you will not increase your awareness of God.

In addition, if you want to do something well, you have to practice it continually, even when you do not feel like doing it.  This is as true of prayer as it is of playing a sport, playing a musical instrument, or writing.  The sense of humility and awe of God that is essential to proper prayer does not come easily to modern man, and will not simply come to you when you feel the need to pray.  If you wait until inspiration strikes, you will not have the skills you need to pray effectively.  Before starting to pray regularly, many find that when they want to pray, they do not know how.  They do not know what to say, or how to say it, or how to establish the proper frame of mind.  If you pray regularly, you will learn how to express yourself in prayer.

Kavanah:  The Mindset for Prayer

When you say the same prayers day after day, you might expect that the prayers would become routine and would begin to lose meaning.  While this may be true for some people, this is not the intention of Jewish prayer.  As said at the beginning of this discussion, the most important part of prayer is the introspection it provides.  Accordingly, the proper frame of mind is vital to prayer.

The mindset for prayer is referred to as kavanah, which is generally translated as "concentration" or "intent".  The minimum level of kavanah is an awareness that one is speaking to God and an intention to fulfill the obligation to pray.  If you do not have this minimal level of kavanah, then you are not praying; you are merely reading.  In addition, it is preferred that you have a mind free from other thoughts, that you know and understand what you are praying about and that you think about the meaning of the prayer.

Liturgical melodies are often used as an aid to forming the proper mindset.  Many prayers and prayer services have traditional melodies associated with them.  These can increase your focus on what you are doing and block out extraneous thoughts.

Hebrew:  The Language for Prayer

The Talmud states that it is permissible to pray in any language that you can understand; however, traditional Judaism has always stressed the importance of praying in Hebrew.  A traditional Chasidic story speaks glowingly of the prayer of an uneducated Jew who wanted to pray but did not speak Hebrew.  The man began to recite the only Hebrew he knew:  the alphabet.  He recited it over and over again, until a rabbi asked what he was doing.  The man told the rabbi, "The Holy One, Blessed is He, knows what is in my heart.  I will give Him the letters, and He can put the words together".

Even liberal Judaism is increasingly recognizing the value of Hebrew prayer.  It seems that fifty years ago, you never heard a word of Hebrew in a Reform synagogue.  Today, the standard Reform prayer book contains the text of many prayers in Hebrew, and many of the standard prayers are recited in Hebrew, generally followed by transliteration and an English translation.  Some Reform rabbis read from the Torah in Hebrew, also generally followed by an English translation or explanation.

There are many good reasons for praying in Hebrew:  it gives you an incentive for learning Hebrew, which might otherwise be forgotten; it provides a link to Jews all over the world; it is the language in which the covenant with God was made, etc.  For us, however, the most important reason to pray in Hebrew is that Hebrew is the language of Jewish thought.

Any language other than Hebrew is laden down with the connotations of that language's culture and religion.  When you translate a Hebrew word, you lose subtle shadings of Jewish ideas and add ideas that are foreign to Judaism.  Only in Hebrew can the pure essence of Jewish thought be preserved and properly understood.  For example, the English word "commandment" connotes an order imposed upon us by a stern and punishing God, while the Hebrew word "mitzvah" implies an honor and privilege given to us, a responsibility that we undertook as part of the covenant we made with God, a good deed that we are eager to perform.

This is not to suggest that praying in Hebrew is more important than understanding what you are praying about.  If you are in synagogue and you do not know Hebrew well enough, you can listen to the Hebrew while looking at the translation.  If you are reciting a prayer or blessing alone, you should get a general idea of its meaning from the translation before attempting to recite it in Hebrew.  But even if you do not fully understand Hebrew at this time, you should try to hear the prayer, experience the prayer, in Hebrew.

Group Prayer

Most of our prayers are expressed in the first person plural, "us" instead of "me", and are recited on behalf of all of the Jewish people.  This form of prayer emphasizes our responsibility for one another and our interlinked fates.

Formal prayer services are largely a group activity rather than an individual activity.  Although it is permissible to pray alone and it fulfills the obligation to pray, you should generally make every effort to pray with a group, short of violating a commandment to do so.

A complete formal prayer service cannot be conducted without a quorum of at least 10 adult Jewish men; that is, at least 10 people who are obligated to fulfill the commandment to recite the prayers.  This prayer quorum is referred to as a minyan (from a Hebrew root meaning to count or to number).  Certain prayers and religious activities cannot be performed without a minyan.  This need for a minyan has often helped to keep the Jewish community together in isolated areas.

Berakhot:  Blessings

A berakhah (blessing) is a special kind of prayer that is very common in Judaism.  Berakhot are recited both as part of the synagogue services and as a response or prerequisite to a wide variety of daily occurrences.  Berakhot are easy to recognize:  they all start with the word barukh (blessed or praised).

The words barukh and berakhah are both derived from the Hebrew root Bet-Resh-Kaf, meaning knee, and refer to the practice of showing respect by bending the knee and bowing, getting down on the knees and prostrating on the ground.  There are several places in Jewish liturgy where bowing is performed, most of them at a time when a berakhah is being recited.  At the end of the formal standing prayer, one is required to at least get down on his knees, if not to prostrate himself altogether on the ground; this requirement is commonly ignored by most Jews today, but continues to be the practice among Muslims all over the world, who learned this from the Jews, who still did it at the time Islaam was founded.

According to Jewish Law, a person must recite at least 100 berakhot each day!  This is not as difficult as it sounds.  Repeating the Shemoneh Esrei three times a day (as all observant Jews do) covers 57 berakhot all by itself, and there are dozens of everyday occurrences that require berakhot.

Who Blesses Whom?

Many English-speaking people find the idea of berakhot very confusing.  To them, the word "blessing" seems to imply that the person saying the blessing is conferring some benefit on the person he is speaking to.  For example, in Catholic tradition, a person making a confession begins by asking the priest to bless him.  Yet in a berakhah, the person saying the blessing is speaking to God.  How can the creation confer a benefit upon the Creator?

This confusion stems largely from difficulties in the translation.  The Hebrew word "barukh" is not a verb describing what we do to God; it is an adjective describing God as the source of all blessings.  When we recite a berakhah, we are not blessing God; we are expressing wonder at how blessed God is.

Content of a Berakhah

There are basically three types of berakhot:  ones recited before enjoying a material pleasure (birkhot ha-na'ah), ones recited before performing a mitzvah (commandment) (birkhot ha-mitzvot) and ones recited at special times and events (birkhot hoda'ah).

Berakhot recited before enjoying a material pleasure, such as eating and drinking, acknowledge God as the creator of the thing that we are about to enjoy.  The berakhah for bread praises God as the one "who brings forth bread from the earth".  The berakhah when putting on our clothing every morning praises God as the one "who clothes the naked".  By reciting these berakhot, we acknowledge that God is the Creator of all things, and that we have no right to use things until we recognize what He has done.  The berakhah essentially gains permission to use the thing.

Berakhot recited before performing a mitzvah (commandment), such as washing hands or lighting candles, praise God as the one "who sanctified us with his commandments and commanded us" to do whatever it is we are about to do.  Reciting such a blessing is an essential element of the performance of a mitzvah.  In Jewish tradition, a person who performs a mitzvah with a sense of obligation is considered more meritorious than a person who performs the same mitzvah because he feels like it.  Recitation of the berakhah focuses our attention on the idea that we are performing a religious duty with a sense of obligation.  It is worth noting that we recite such berakhot over both biblical and rabbinical commandments.  In the latter case, the berakhah can be understood as "who sanctified us with his commandments and commanded us to obey the rabbis, who commanded us to" do whatever it is we are about to do.  See Halakhah:  Jewish Law for an explanation of the distinction between biblical and rabbinical commandments.

Berakhot recited at special times and events, such as when seeing a rainbow or a king or hearing good or bad news, acknowledge God as the ultimate source of all good and evil in the universe.  It is important to note that such berakhot are recited for both good things and things that appear to us to be bad.  When we see or hear something bad, we praise God as "the true Judge", underscoring the idea that things that appear to be bad happen for a reason that is ultimately just, even if we in our limited understanding cannot always see the reason.

Form of a Berakhah

Many of the berakhot that we recite today were composed by Ezra and the Men of the Great Assembly nearly 2500 years ago, and they continue to be recited in the same form.

All berakhot use the phrase "Barukh atah Hashem, Eloheynu, melekh ha-olam", Blessed art thou LORD, our God, King of the Universe.  This is sometimes referred to as shem umalkhut (the name and the sovereignty), the affirmation of God as king.

The use of the word "thou" is worth discussing:  in modern English, many people think of the word "thou" as being formal and respectful, but in fact the opposite is true.  Thou (like the Hebrew atah) is the informal, familiar second person pronoun, used for friends and relatives.  This word expresses our close and intimate relationship with God.

Immediately after this phrase, the berakhah abruptly shifts into the third person; for example, in the birkhot ha-mitzvot, the first two phrases are blessed art thou, LORD our God, King of the Universe, who has sanctified us with his commandments and has commanded us to . . .  This grammatical faux pas is intentional.  The use of the third person pronoun while speaking to a person in Hebrew is a way of expressing extreme respect and deference.  This shift in perspective is a deliberately jarring way of expressing the idea that God is simultaneously close to us and yet far above us, intimately related to us and yet transcendent.  This paradox is at the heart of the Jewish relationship with God.

Birkat Ha-Mazon:  Grace After Meals

One of the most important prayers, one of the very few that the Bible commands us to recite, is never recited in synagogue.  That prayer is birkat ha-mazon, grace after meals.

In Deuteronomy 8,10, we are commanded that when we eat and are satisfied, we must bless the LORD, our God.  This commandment is fulfilled by reciting the birkat ha-mazon (blessing of the food) after each meal.  Reciting birkat ha-mazon is commonly referred to as bentsching, from the Yiddish word meaning to bless.  Although the word "bentsch" can refer to the recitation of any berakhah, it is almost always used to refer to reciting birkat ha-mazon.

The grace after meals is recited in addition to the various berakhot over food recited before meals.

Birkat ha-mazon actually consists of four blessings, three of which were composed around the time of Ezra and the Great Assembly and a fourth which was added after the destruction of the Temple.  These blessings are:

1 Birkat Hazan (the blessing for providing food), which thanks God for giving food to the world,
2 Birkat Ha-Aretz (the blessing for the land), which thanks God for bringing us forth from the land of Egypt, for making His covenant with us, and for giving us the Land of Israel as an inheritance,
3 Birkat Yerushalayim (the blessing for Jerusalem), which prays for the rebuilding of Jerusalem and the coming of the Mashiach; and
4 Birkat Ha-Tov v'Ha-Maytiv (the blessing for being good and doing good), was added after the destruction of the Temple, although it existed before that time.  It emphasizes the goodness of God's work, that God is good and does good.

In addition to these four blessings, the full birkat ha-mazon incorporates some psalms and additional blessings for various special occasions (holidays, guests, etc.)
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 21, 2013, 10:50:38 PM
This should also be interesting, an explanation of how the Jewish siddur (order of prayers) was developed...


http://www.mechon-mamre.org/jewfaq/liturgy.htm

Jewish Liturgy
Level:  Intermediate

Observant Jews pray in formal worship services three times a day, every day:  at evening (Ma'ariv), in the morning (Shacharit), and in the afternoon (Minchah).  Daily prayers are collected in a book called a siddur, which derives from the Hebrew root meaning order, because the siddur shows the order of prayers.  It is the same root as the word seder, which refers to the Passover home service.

Undoubtedly our oldest fixed daily prayer is the Shema.  This consists of Deuteronomy 6,4-9, Deuteronomy 11,13-21, and Numbers 15,37-41.  Note that the first paragraph commands us to speak of these matters "when you retire and when you arise".  From ancient times, this commandment was fulfilled by reciting the Shema twice a day:  morning and night.

The next major development in Jewish prayer occurred during the Babylonian Exile, 6th century B.C.E. People were not able to sacrifice in the Temple at that time, so they used prayer as a substitute for sacrifice.  "The offerings of our lips instead of bulls", as Hosea said.  People got together to pray three times a day, corresponding to the two daily sacrifices morning and afternoon and the burning of what was left over of the sacrifices at night.  There was an additional prayer service on Sabbaths and certain holidays, to correspond to the additional sacrifices of those days.  Some suggest that this may already have been a common practice among the pious before the Exile.

After the Exile, these daily prayer services continued.  In the 5th century B.C.E., the Men of the Great Assembly composed a basic prayer, covering just about everything you could want to pray about.  This is the "Shemoneh Esrei", which means 18 and refers to the 18 blessings originally contained within the prayer.  It is also referred to as the Amidah (standing, because we stand while we recite it), or Tefillah (prayer, as in The Prayer, because it is the essence of all Jewish prayer).  This prayer is the cornerstone of every Jewish service.

The blessings of the Shemoneh Esrei can be broken down into 3 groups:  three blessings praising God, thirteen making requests (forgiveness, redemption, health, prosperity, rain in its season, ingathering of exiles, etc.), and three expressing gratitude and taking leave.  But wait!  That is 19!  And did we not just say that this prayer is called 18?

One of the thirteen requests (the one against heretics) was added around the 2nd century C.E., in response to the growing threat of heresy (primarily Christianity), but at that time, the prayer was already commonly known as the Shemoneh Esrei, and the name stuck, even though there were now 19 blessings.

Another important part of certain prayer services is a reading from the Torah (first 5 books of the Bible) and the Prophets.  The Torah has been divided into sections, so that if each of these sections is read and studied for a week, we can cover the entire Torah in a year every year (this works nicely in 13-month leap years, but in 12-month regular years we double up shorter portions on a few weeks).  At various times in our history, our oppressors did not permit us to have public readings of the Torah, so we read a roughly corresponding section from the Prophets (referred to as a Haftarah).  Today, we read both the Torah portion and the Haftarah portion.  The Torah is read on Mondays, Thursdays, Sabbaths, and some "holidays" (including fasts).  The Haftarah is read on Sabbaths and some holidays.  The Torah and haftarah readings are performed with great ceremony:  the Torah is paraded around the room before it is brought to rest on the bimah (podium), and it is considered an honor to have the opportunity to recite a blessing and do the reading (this honor is called an aliyah).  For more information, see Weekly Torah Readings.

That is the heart of the Jewish prayer service.  There are a few other matters that should be mentioned, though.  There is a long series of morning blessings at the beginning of the morning service.  Some people recite these at home.  They deal with a lot of concerns with getting up in the morning, and things we are obligated to do daily.  There is a section called Pesukei d'Zemira (verses of song), which includes a lot of Psalms and hymns.  Some like to think of it as a warm-up, getting you in the mood for prayer in the morning.

There are also a few particularly significant prayers.  The most important in the popular mind is the Kaddish, the only major prayer in Aramaic, which praises God.  Here is a small piece of it, in English:

May His great Name grow exalted and sanctified in the world that He created as He willed.  May He give reign to His kingship in your lifetimes and in your days, and in the lifetimes of the entire family of Israel, swiftly and soon.  May His great Name be blessed forever and ever.  Blessed, praised, glorified, exalted, extolled, mighty . . .
There are several variations on it for different times in the service.  One variation is set aside for mourners to recite, the congregation only providing the required responses.  Many people think of the Kaddish as a mourner's prayer, because the oldest son customarily recites it for a certain period after a parent's death, but in fact it is much broader than that.  It seems that originally it separated each portion of the service, and a quick glance at any prayer book or our outline below shows that it is recited between each section; in recent generations, it has become to be used as a mourner's prayer, even outside the context of formal prayer services or Torah study.

Another popular prayer is Aleinu, which most people recite at or near the end of every service, though it is required only within Musaf on Rosh Hashanah.  It also praises God.  Here is a little of it in English, to give you an idea:

It is our duty to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Molder of primeval creation, for He has not made us like the nations of the lands . . .  Therefore, we put our hope in you, Adonai our God, that we may soon see Your mighty splendor . . .  On that day, Adonai will be One and His Name will be One.
On certain holidays, we also recite Hallel, which consists of Psalms 113-118.

Many holidays have special additions to the liturgy.  See Yom Kippur Liturgy for additions related to that holiday.
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 21, 2013, 11:01:00 PM
Some ideas to internalize when concentrating during prayer. Often beginners have a hard time comprehending what it is we are doing when we are davening. Many ask how can we actually speak to the Infinite Creator of All because they don't understand what is called the 'nature of G-d' (this is an analogy because of course Hashem is beyond any comprehension). But it is helpful to remember these things:



http://www.mechon-mamre.org/jewfaq/god.htm

The Nature of God

Level:  Intermediate

The nature of God is one of the few areas of abstract Jewish belief where there are a number of clear-cut ideas about which there is little dispute or disagreement.

God Exists

The fact of God's existence is accepted almost without question.  Proof is not needed, and is rarely offered.  The Torah begins by stating "In the beginning, God created . . .".  It does not tell who God is or how He came to be.

In general, Judaism views the existence of God as a necessary prerequisite for the existence of the universe.  The existence of the universe is sufficient proof of the existence of God.

God is One

One of the primary expressions of Jewish faith, recited twice daily in prayer, is the Shema, which begins "Hear, Israel:  the LORD is our God, the LORD is one".  This simple statement encompasses several different ideas:

There is only one God.

No other being participated in the work of creation.

God is a unity.  He is a single, whole, complete indivisible entity.  He cannot be divided into parts or described by attributes.

Any attempt to ascribe attributes to God is merely man's imperfect attempt to understand the infinite.

God is the only being to whom we should offer praise.  The Shema can also be translated as "the LORD is our God, the LORD alone", meaning that no other is our God, and we should not pray to any other.

God is the Creator of Everything

Everything in the universe was created by God, and only by God.  Judaism completely rejects the dualistic notion that evil was created by a Satan or some other deity.  All comes from God.  As Isaiah said, "I am the LORD, and there is none else.  I form the light and create darkness, I make peace and create evil.  I am the LORD, that does all these things" (Isaiah 45,6-7).

God is Incorporeal

Although many places in scripture and Talmud speak of various parts of God's body (the Hand of God, God's wings, etc.) or speak of God in anthropomorphic terms (God walking in the garden of Eden, God laying tefillin, etc.), Judaism firmly maintains that God has no body.  Any reference to God's body is simply a figure of speech, a means of making God's actions more comprehensible to beings living in a material world.  Much of Maimonides' Guide for the Perplexed is devoted to explaining each of these anthropomorphic references and proving that they should be understood figuratively.

We are forbidden to represent God in a physical form.  That is considered idolatry.  The sin of the Golden Calf incident was not that the people chose another deity, but that they tried to represent God in a physical form.

God is Neither Male nor Female

This followed directly from the idea that God has no physical form.  God has, of course, no body; therefore, the very idea that God is male or female is patently absurd.  We refer to God using masculine terms simply for convenience's sake, because Hebrew has no neutral gender; God is no more male than a table is.

Although we usually speak of God in masculine terms, there are times when we refer to God using feminine terms.  The Shechinah, the manifestation of God's presence that fills the universe, is conceived of in feminine terms, and the word Shechinah is a feminine word.

God is Omnipresent

God is always near for us to call upon and He sees all that we do, wherever we are. Closely tied in with this is the idea that God is universal:  He is not just the God of the Jews, but the God of all nations.

God is Omnipotent

God can do anything.  It is said that the only thing that is beyond His control is the fear of Him; that is, He has given us free will, and He does not compel us to do His will.  This belief in God's omnipotence has been sorely tested during the many persecutions of Jews, but we have always maintained that God has a reason for allowing these things, even if we in our limited perception and understanding cannot see the reason.

God is Omniscient

God knows all things, past, present, and future.  He knows our thoughts.

God is Eternal

God transcends time.  He has no beginning and no end.  He will always be there to fulfill His promises.  When Moses asked for God's name, He replied, "Ehyeh asher ehyeh".  That phrase is generally translated as, "I am that I am", but the word "ehyeh" can be present or future tense, meaning "I am what I will be" or "I will be what I will be".  The ambiguity of the phrase is often interpreted as a reference to God's eternal nature.

God is Both Just and Merciful

We have often heard Christians speak of Judaism as the religion of the strict Law, which no human being is good enough to fulfill (hence the need for the so-called sacrifice of Jesus).  This is a gross mischaracterization of Jewish belief.  Judaism has always maintained that God's justice is tempered by mercy, the two qualities perfectly balanced.  Of the two Names of God most commonly used in scripture, one refers to his quality of justice and the other to his quality of mercy.  The two names were used together in the story of Creation, showing that the world was created with both justice and mercy.

God is Holy and Perfect

One of the most common names applied to God in the post-Biblical period is "Ha-Kadosh, Barukh Hu", The Holy One, Blessed be He.

God is our Father

Christianity maintains that God has one son; Judaism maintains that God has billions of sons and daughters.  We are all God's children, and the people of Israel are His firstborn (Exodus 4,22).  The Talmud teaches that there are three participants in the formation of every human being:  the mother and father, who provide the physical form, and God, who provides the soul, the personality, and the intelligence.  It is said that one of God's greatest gifts to humanity is the knowledge that we are His children and created in His image.



See Rambams 13 principles for a concise list of Jewish principles of faith @ http://jtf.org/forum/index.php/topic,61921.0.html

Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 23, 2013, 01:34:09 AM
We need to pray, do acts of goodness and righteousness, learn from everyone and teach everyone.

This video gives some insight into Breslov kevanah during prayer.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2GF_mYkKlDI
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 23, 2013, 01:39:48 AM
If you liked that short talk you may like this long one. Here is an in-depth look at the Breslev wisdom concerning the Reading of Torah on Shabbat.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OJw48fhx8k

Glossary of Hebrew terms (for those not up to speed):

Rachmanus - Mercy
Din - Judgment/Justice
Sitrah Achra - The 'Other' side (The Evil Side)
Klippah - Peel/Outer layer/Skin layer which conceals the truth.
Ta'avah - Lust
Geivah - Arrogance
Daat - Knowledge
Chesed - Kindness
Yetzer Hara - Each persons Evil Inclination
Seichal - Intellect/Intelligence
Gevurah - Strength/Restraint/Might
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 24, 2013, 02:04:15 AM
Following up on last nights post, here is a quick davening by some Breslover Hassids...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3dHNt5fkKw
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 24, 2013, 02:11:14 AM
Now for the Aleinu melody...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lf0ZDAvYInU
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 24, 2013, 02:20:36 AM
A short talk about the importance of Jewish prayer:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1ECKmc5-uE
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 24, 2013, 02:26:16 AM
The POWER OF TEFILLAH presentation from Pure Torah:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISRms9t4-Ks
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 25, 2013, 01:13:56 AM
This weeks Torah reading is Eikev which contains more of the Shema prayer... This article contains the thoughts of the last Lubavitch Rebbe on some of the thoughts we should contemplate when we say this prayer.



http://www.chabad.org/parshah/article_cdo/aid/53667/jewish/The-Second-Chapter.htm


The Second Chapter of the Shema
Based on the teachings of the Lubavitcher Rebbe
Courtesy of MeaningfulLife.com


An important component of the Torah reading of Eikev is the nine verses (Deuteronomy 11:13–21) which constitute the second parshah (“section” or “chapter”) of the Shema.

Last week’s reading of Va’etchanan included the six verses that make up the Shema’s first section (Deuteronomy 6:4–9). A third section (Numbers 15:37–41) completes the twenty verses which the Jew is obligated to recite each morning and each evening of his life. Together, the Shema’s three chapters enumerate the fundamental beliefs and practices of the Jewish faith: the oneness of G‑d; our love of Him; Torah study; education; the mitzvot of tefillin, mezuzah and tzitzit; the concept of reward and punishment; and the remembrance of the Exodus.

But while the third section contains precepts (the mitzvah of tzitzit and the remembrance of the Exodus) not contained in the first two, a large part of the second section seems but a repetition of what has already been stated in the first. The first section reads:

Hear O Israel, the L‑rd is our G‑d, the L‑rd is one. You shall love the L‑rd your G‑d with all your heart, with all your soul and with all your might. These words, which I command you this day, shall be upon your heart; you shall teach them thoroughly to your children, and you shall speak of them when sitting in your home and walking on the road, when you lie down and when you arise. You shall bind them as a sign upon your hand, and they shall be as tefillin between your eyes. You shall write them upon the doorposts of your home and gates.

The second section of the Shema reads (the repetitious passages are in bold):

And it shall come to pass if you diligently hearken to My commandments which I command you today, to love the L‑rd your G‑d and to serve Him with all your hearts and with all your souls: I will give the rain of your land in its due season, the early rain and the late rain, and you shall gather your grain, your wine and your oil. I will give grass in your fields for your cattle, and you shall eat and be sated. Take heed for yourselves, lest your heart be led astray, and you turn away and worship alien gods and bow down to them. G‑d’s anger will then be inflamed against you, and He will stop up the heavens so that there be no rain, and that the earth not yield its produce; and you will swiftly perish from the good land that G‑d is giving you. You shall place these words of Mine upon your hearts and upon your souls; you shall bind them as a sign upon your hands, and they shall be tefillin between your eyes. You shall teach them to your children to speak of them when sitting in your home and walking on the road, when you lie down and when you arise. You shall write them upon the doorposts of your home and gates. In order that your days be multiplied, and the days of your children, upon the land that G‑d vowed to your fathers to give to them for as long as the heavens are above the earth.

The most obvious difference between the two sections is that the first simply instructs the Jew to pursue his or her relationship with G‑d, without promising reward or threatening punishment. The second section, while enjoining us to do the very same things as the first, informs us of the benefits of doing so (“I will give the rain of your land in its due season . . . and you shall eat and be sated”; “In order that your days be multiplied . . . upon the land”) and warns us of the consequences of transgression (“He will stop up the heavens”; “You will soon perish from the good land”). Other than that, however, the second section seems a repetition of the first, with only minor differences in wording and syntax.

Rashi, in his commentary on these verses, cites several further examples of how the second section introduces a concept or injunction not included in the first. These include:

2) In the second section, the commandment to love G‑d is given in the plural (“with all your hearts and with all your souls”) rather than the singular (“with all your heart, with all your soul”) employed by the first section. The first section, explains Rashi, is an injunction to the individual, while the second is an injunction to the community. (This difference is repeated throughout the two sections. The Hebrew language distinguishes between second-person singular and second-person plural, as Old English does with “thou” and “you.” The entire first section speaks in second-person singular, the second section in second-person plural.)

3) In the second section, the commandments to don tefillin, study and teach Torah and affix mezuzot immediately follow the warning that “you will swiftly perish from the good land that G‑d is giving you.” This, says Rashi (citing Sifri), is to teach us that also after you are exiled, you must distinguish yourselves with the mitzvot: put on tefillin, make mezuzot, so that these not be new to you when you return.

(There are many instances in which the Torah speaks of the mitzvot as laws to be observed in the Holy Land—most notably in Deuteronomy 6:1–3, the verses preceding the first section of the Shema. Hence the need for the Torah to reiterate them here, after alluding to a time when the people of Israel will be exiled from their land.)

An examination of the two sections reveals more differences between them:

4) The first section enjoins one to love G‑d “with all your heart, with all your soul and with all your might.” The second speaks only of “hearts” and “souls,” omitting “might.”

5) In the first section, the commandment to study and teach Torah precedes the commandment to don tefillin. In the second section, the order is reversed.
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Read the entire article @ http://www.chabad.org/parshah/article_cdo/aid/53667/jewish/The-Second-Chapter.htm
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 26, 2013, 12:14:00 AM
Rabbi Noach Oelbaum gives a 30 minute talk on the importance of Tefillah...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ciDHrVAQ21o
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 26, 2013, 12:53:50 AM
I don't know what this is supposed to be... It seems like a race to the end of saying Shema. I really hate that because I am not one who rushes through my tefillah. I like to pronounce the words with my lips and loud enough for me to hear it, and I don't want to slur words, so I am usually one of the last to finish my Shema (even though I have said it every day for 10 years).


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vhw_1PaseU4
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 26, 2013, 12:59:46 AM
How challenges are sent to us in order to keep us on the path, prayer is the answer...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vKeU7KQ6TV4
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 26, 2013, 01:57:26 AM
Rabbi Sutton from his series on the Amidah/Shemone Esrei prayer...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HeweqFgJjTc
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 26, 2013, 02:13:53 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=waRbA43yxYc
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 30, 2013, 02:58:09 AM
Sorry but I originally posted this in the wrong thread... Here it is in the Tefillah thread...

Lecture by Rabbi Dror Moshe Cassouto, Yeshivat Chut Shel Chesed, Jerusalem

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9JM3KEVDYHY
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 30, 2013, 03:01:49 AM
Ok, now for something entirely different. The only relation this video has to this thread is something that Rabbi Cassouto said at the end of the last video concerning how a man (Gebor or Strong Man) must relate with his wife. Last night I listened to the Rush song Animate which reminds me of my previous marriage because I attended that Rush concert with my ex. The song discusses this concept of the concept of manhood and the balance of dominance and submission.

Here is the song with the lyrics...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EzVeM-HgK5I

http://www.torah.org/learning/pirkei-avos/chapter4-1b.html

"Ben (the son of) Zoma said, who is wise? He who learns from all people, as it is said: 'From all those who taught me I gained understanding' (Psalms 119:99). Who is strong? He who conquers his evil inclination, as it is said: 'Better is one slow to anger than a strong man, and one who rules over his spirit than a conqueror of a city' (Proverbs 16:32). Who is rich? He who is satisfied with his lot, as it is said: 'When you eat the toil of your hands you are fortunate and it is good for you' (Psalms 128:2). 'You are fortunate' -- in this world; 'and it is good for you' -- in the World to Come. Who is honored? He who honors others, as it is said: 'For those who honor Me will I honor, and those who scorn Me will be degraded' (I Samuel 2:30)."
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on July 30, 2013, 09:34:14 PM
The web site Torah.org has many excellent article on issues regarding Jewish faith and rituals. Here is a commentary on the Nesivos Shalom (a sefer by the Slonimer Rebbe)...

Quote
The Nesivos Shalom is a sefer which enjoys enormous popularity in every nook and cranny of the Orthodox world - Litvish, Yeshivish, Right-wing, Centrist, Shtreimel and Kippah Serugah. The Slonimer Rebbe zt"l seems to have found the perfect mix of passionate and inspiring Chassidus, and Mussar that speaks directly to the individual. As a seasoned leader, he understood people with all their contemporary faults and is not afraid to directly confront issues of failure, lack of connectedness, depression, etc., incorporating even the negatives into a roadmap that leads inevitably to a higher place for the person seeking it.



http://www.torah.org/advanced/nesivosshalom/howwedaven.html
How We Daven 1

By Rabbi Yitzchok Adlerstein

Rambam loses no time at the beginning of Hilchos Tefillah in placing davening in a mitzvah universe of its own. Unlike so many practical, activity-oriented mitzvos, prayer is “avodah,” a Divine “service,” albeit performed in the heart.

Rambam proceeds to dissect this unique mitzvah, but we are puzzled by some of the components. We find it difficult to understand why all of these pieces are so valuable in painting a spiritual canvas of davening. Why is the regularity so important – that we “pray and entreat each day?” Why is it essential that we “relate His praises?” And what is so spiritual and so essential about “asking for our needs…in requests and entreaties?” If and when a person needs something, let him simply go the One who can fill his request? Why do we elevate this practice into the very definition of what prayer is about?

The Ari z”l pithily observed that the holy intentions of davening bring about the union of HKBH and His Shechinah. At the heart of this mystical teaching stands the very down to earth central element of prayer. Ultimately, tefillah is about union. Davening unites us with Hashem. This devekus is so potent, that it spills over to the Upper Worlds, where it brings HKBH and the Shechinah together in a mystical union.

When this realization penetrates, we have little trouble understanding all the items that the Rambam includes. Each one plays a role in bringing us close to Hashem, in leading us to devekus.

First, Rambam tells us that a person should “pray and entreat each day.” He does not mean that we turn to Hashem for our needs – he mentions doing that at a later point. Rather, Rambam tells us that the essence of davening is pouring out our souls, from a heart full of love into the heart of the One we love. A more elevated subcategory of this emotional expression is pouring out our souls specifically about spiritual needs, whether they are born of intense longing for Hashem, or of the pain of feeling distant from Him, removed from the closeness we would like to feel.

Rambam then speaks about declaring Hashem’s praise. This, too, is difficult to grasp at first. Of what value are the praises of puny, uncomprehending Man, who cannot begin to understand the greatness of his Creator? Whatever words he offers actually diminish Hashem’s honor, rather than add to it, because he so completely understates – no matter how hard he tries – Hashem’s greatness. (The gemara [2] actually mocks the person who is lavish in his praise of Hashem: “Have you completely accounted for all His praises?”)

We can find an analogy to the value of declaring His praises in the singing of shirah. Shirah is the expression of the devekus we feel for Hashem. Its source is the longing for Him, the thirst for closeness that cannot be slaked.

Maharal explains even more. Shirah, he says, is appropriate to the Jewish people, because they are described as Hashem’s children. This is turn means that in them we sense the complete dependence of one for the other; we can see in their existence no other source other than the Divine. There is no pretense of being able to make it on their own.

Jews can be described as the “effects” gravitating to their Cause. Maharal takes up this theme to explain the medrash that at the crossing of the Sea, a nursing child turned away from its mother when it saw the Shechinah, and it, too, recited the Song of the Sea. Ordinarily, the bond between baby and mother is that of effect and cause. The child is completely dependent upon and linked to the mother that both gave birth to it and continues to supply it with all of it needs. When the Shechinah manifested itself at the Sea, however, the child discovered its more fundamental Cause, and turned towards it in declaration of that dependence. This thought gives voice to the mode of address of Klal Yisroel to HKBH in singing shirah: a declaration of full and absolute dependence.

The statement of connection and dependence is not limited to joyous declaration through shirah. In truth, it applies to the opposite as well. Feelings of pain and suffering can also be a kind of shirah, in that they too can express profound longing for Hashem. A person can sense Hashem’s love for him in the midst of, or more accurately because of, the suffering he endures. He can sense that Hashem afflicts him only to lovingly guide him in a different direction.

Succinctly put, a person cannot sing any kind of shirah with stunted, suppressed feelings, nor with a closed-up mind and heart. Shirah can only come from emotions whose restraints have loosened, so that they are developed and magnified.

When our emotions are set free in this way, the possibilities for shirah multiply. We then participate in shirah not only through expansiveness, but even in our travail. To be sure, we recite a from of shirah when we properly read from pesukei de-zimrah, the selections of praise in Tehillim in the morning prayer: “Praise Hashem from the heavens. Praise Him in the heights….Praise Him, sun and moon; praise Him, all bright stars…Praise Hashem from the earth, sea giants and all watery depths. Fire and hail, snow and vapor, raging wind fulfilling His word.” [3] There is a form of shirah, however, implicit as well in our heartfelt plea to Him: “Hashem, do not rebuke me in Your anger, nor chastise me in Your rage. Favor me, Hashem, for I am feeble.” [4] “How long, Hashem, will you endlessly forget me? How long will You hide Your face from me?” [5] is part of a section of Tehillim called mizmor, not lamentation. Even “O G-d, the nations have entered into Your inheritance. They have defiled the Sanctuary of Your holiness” [6] is part of a mizmor. For those who composed these lines, all was shirah. Dovid found himself in the wilderness, a far from the precincts of kedushah, and through it expressed his longing for Hashem: “O G-d, You are my G-d. I seek You. My soul thirsts for You. My flesh longs for You.” [7]

On Shabbos, we elevate this mode of davening to a position of exclusivity. We eliminate all the requests and petitions from the middle section of Shemonah Esrei, and instead wax lyical about the specialness of Shabbos! During the week, our prayer combines goals and means of achieving them. We spend ample time expressing our vulnerabilities, our wants and desires, and directly beseech Hashem for solutions. We also seek closeness to Hashem through the shirah of praising Him. On Shabbos, when we taste of the experience of olam habo, we elect only the more elevated of the two modes, and shift entirely to giving voice to our longing and desire for Him. We act similarly on Yom Tov, where the musaf speaks of our longing for Him in the midst of our galus, exiled without the closeness of the Beis Ha- Mikdosh. On the Yamim Noraim, we are even more focused. We spend an enormous amount of time in shirah – all of it effectively connected to one theme: our intense desire to see Hashem’s malchus fully reign over the entire world.

Rambam continues with a third element of tefillah, one we mentioned above in passing. We ask Hashem for all we need. We might think that this is self-centered and unholy. [8] Maharal [9] explains that the opposite is true. By turning to Hashem for every need, large and small, we negate our self-sufficiency and self- importance. Instead, we realize that we are utterly dependent upon Him – and therefore inexorably attached to him, as surely as a tree is attached to the ground.

The daily schedule of tefillah allows us to refine this idea of complete dependence, to experience it with all parts of our being.

In the first moments of consciousness, our basic physicality resists any suggestion of disturbing the sweetness and tranquility of sleep, or lying dormant and inactive. Rising to daven shacharis, we submit ourselves physically to His service.

Sometime at the height of our frenetic activity to wring as much productivity out of our working time as possible, we pause for mincha. In so doing, we attach our monetary interests entirely to Him.

After dark, when we contend with work-induced exhaustion, it is natural that we should want nothing more than calm, solitude, and rest. We disturb the stillness and serenity that we seek in our spirits by interrupting once more, and turning to Hashem at maariv. We thus subjugate our spirits to Him as well.

Between the different daily tefillos, then, we emphasize our complete reliance upon Him, to the point that we hold back none of the different parts of ourselves – physical, monetary, spiritual. In everything we are, we are really only Him. This understanding is what we call Elokus – His serving as the recognized, perceived power behind all of us and everything.

It is natural to look out for ourselves, to satisfy our ordinary wants and desires. Each of us is at the center of our own universe. Nothing is as real to us as our own experience, because everything we think or know or sense exists within our own experience. According to this passage in Maharal, in our quest to look out for ourselves, we come to realize that we are not so real, and not so central. We gradually understand that the ultimate reality, and the only ultimate existence, is Hashem Himself.

Paradoxically, it is the part of prayer that seems most us-centered – our laundry list of needs and wants – that leads us to the conclusion that it is not about us at all.



1. Based on Nesivos Shalom, vol. 1 pgs. 181-185
2. Berachos 33B
3. Tehillim 148
4. Tehillim 6
5. Tehillim 13
6. Tehillim 79:1
7. Tehillim 63:1-2
8. Indeed, people outside the observant community who begin to study traditional Judaism often voice their discomfort with attaching so much spiritual significance to what seems to be a shopping spree in a Heavenly supermarket
9. Nesiv He-Avodah, chap. 3
Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on August 08, 2014, 12:58:07 AM
Rabbi Finkelstein posted this video recently covering the morning prayer service called 'Sacharit' which we pray every day.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nw686xakCb8

For those who missed reading this thread because I posted it in 2012 it contains many good insights into the 'Kevanah' or 'intention' we should meditate on while saying the prayers of the service.

Title: Re: Jewish Prayer : Tefillah
Post by: muman613 on August 08, 2014, 01:11:41 AM
I don't think I have seen this video of the Lubavitch Rebbe davening Shacharit at a students sons Bar Mitzvah service...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRHIsqcLK74