Author Topic: Video Study for Parshat Beshalach : Nature is Hashems messenger  (Read 3152 times)

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Offline muman613

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Video Study for Parshat Beshalach : Nature is Hashems messenger
« on: January 29, 2015, 12:14:54 AM »
Shalom JTF reader,

It is Wednesday once again, and for me that means it is 'Video Study' thread time once again. And this weeks portion is one of the most incredibly moving portions. It contains the epic episode of the splitting of the sea and the awesome song which was sung there. We recall this song in our prayers in 'Oz YaShiur..

Hashem, our G-d, utilized this event to send the message to us that only HE has control of heaven and earth and all that is in it. The 10 plagues were also messengers to the Hebrews and to the Egyptians that Hashem controls the air, the water, and the solid (darkness, blood in the water, fire/water hail).

And it is said that the issue was magnified because of the fact that the plagues only happened to the Egyptians and their possessions and not to the Hebrews living in the land of Goshen. And now the splitting of the sea, the Hebrews walked on the dry seabed but when the Egyptians on their horses and chariots tried to cross, the sea closed in on them and they drowned (sinking like lead to the bottom of the sea).

But the people have bodily needs and start to complain about what to eat. And Moses speaks with Hashem who instructs Moshe about the Manna, a miraculous food from heaven which satisfied the nutritional requirements of the people (and tasted like anything they wanted it to).

And our eternal enemy Amalek rears his ugly face in our portion. Moses and Joshua work to defeat Amalek but while they were defeated, they survived to continue to threaten Jewish continuity.

From Chabad's 'Parsha in a Nutshell' :

Quote
http://www.chabad.org/parshah/article_cdo/aid/3262/jewish/Beshalach-in-a-Nutshell.htm

Soon after allowing the children of Israel to depart from Egypt, Pharaoh chases after them to force their return, and the Israelites find themselves trapped between Pharaoh’s armies and the sea. G‑d tells Moses to raise his staff over the water; the sea splits to allow the Israelites to pass through, and then closes over the pursuing Egyptians. Moses and the children of Israel sing a song of praise and gratitude to G‑d.

In the desert the people suffer thirst and hunger, and repeatedly complain to Moses and Aaron. G‑d miraculously sweetens the bitter waters of Marah, and later has Moses bring forth water from a rock by striking it with his staff. He causes manna to rain down from the heavens before dawn each morning, and quails to appear in the Israelite camp each evening.

The children of Israel are instructed to gather a double portion of manna on Friday, as none will descend on Shabbat, the divinely decreed day of rest. Some disobey and go to gather manna on the seventh day, but find nothing. Aaron preserves a small quantity of manna in a jar, as a testimony for future generations.

In Rephidim, the people are attacked by the Amalekites, who are defeated by Moses’ prayers and an army raised by Joshua.

For a splash of variety I am starting with Rabbi Chaim Richman of the Temple Institute this week....



(regular readers will certainly know that I always start with Rabbi Richmans videos)

You shall make yourself the Festival of Sukkoth for seven days, when you gather in [the produce] from your threshing floor and your vat.And you shall rejoice in your Festival-you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite, and the stranger, and the orphan, and the widow, who are within your cities
Duet 16:13-14

Offline muman613

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Re: Video Study for Parshat Beshalach : Nature is Hashems messenger
« Reply #1 on: January 29, 2015, 12:40:19 AM »
Heck, here is some spontaneity for you...

This video was just posted by the animated parsha people at G-dCast.

It discusses the great faith of Nachshon, who was the 1st Hebrew to wade into the sea before it even split. He walked into the sea up to his nostrils before it actually started to split.



Im saddened that this reform rabbi has no respect for Midrash, claiming it is made up by the Rabbis of the time. Thus the reform movement denies the entire oral tradition, taking it as some kinds of fairy tail or something.
You shall make yourself the Festival of Sukkoth for seven days, when you gather in [the produce] from your threshing floor and your vat.And you shall rejoice in your Festival-you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite, and the stranger, and the orphan, and the widow, who are within your cities
Duet 16:13-14

Offline muman613

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Re: Video Study for Parshat Beshalach : Nature is Hashems messenger
« Reply #2 on: January 29, 2015, 12:47:36 AM »
A new long one from Rabbi Katz, who is far from a reform rabbi, bringing some 'gevaldic' vorts from Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach.

You shall make yourself the Festival of Sukkoth for seven days, when you gather in [the produce] from your threshing floor and your vat.And you shall rejoice in your Festival-you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite, and the stranger, and the orphan, and the widow, who are within your cities
Duet 16:13-14

Offline muman613

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Re: Video Study for Parshat Beshalach : Nature is Hashems messenger
« Reply #3 on: January 29, 2015, 01:38:40 AM »
http://www.torahweb.org/torah/2015/parsha/rhab_beshalach.html

Song of the Sea: Song of Unity, Song of the Future

I

"Az yashir Moshe u'vnei Yisrael es hashira hazos laShem vayom'ru leimor" (Shemos 15:1). This introductory phrase to Shiras HaYam, the exalted song of praise to G-d for the miraculous splitting of the Sea and the rescue of the nascent Jewish nation from the formidable Egyptian forces, presents a grammatical anomaly. Literally translated, the beginning of the phrase reads, "then Moshe will sing", in the future tense rather than in the expected past or present tense. Rashi, in explaining the usage of the future tense, presents two explanations. The first, according to p'shat, is that his heart instructed him to sing shira as if saying, "Moshe, arise and you should sing to G-d!" The second, following the Midrash, is that the future tense indicates that Moshe will sing this song again in the future at the time of t'chiyas hameisim, the resurrection of the dead. What connection is there between the Song of the Sea and the future resurrection?

In order to answer this question, Rav Chaim Ya'akov Goldwicht zt"l, the founding Rosh HaYeshiva of Yeshivat Kerem B'Yavneh, presented an inspiring insight as to the nature of the miracle of the splitting of the sea and the shira sung there.[1] The Midrash relates (Shemos Rabba 23:3):

Moshe said: "Master of the World, with that which I sinned before You, I shall praise You... I know that I sinned before You with [the word] "az", as it says, "From the time (umei'az) I came to Pharaoh to speak in Your Name, he harmed this people, and You have not saved your nation!" (Sh'mos 5:23), and [now] You have drowned him in the sea. Therefore I am praising you with [the word] "az", as it is written: "Az yashir Moshe". Come and see the way of the righteous, with that which they sin, they correct [their actions].

Normally, a correction implies acting in a different way in the same situation. How does Moshe's singing to Hashem when the Jewish people were saved from Pharaoh correct his complaining to G-d when the persecution and servitude became greater?

Shiras HaYam was more than just praise to the Creator for saving the Jewish people. It was a spontaneous outpouring of the soul reflecting the elevated state that Am Yisrael reached at that point. (Note Rashi's comment to verse 2 that the Jewish people "pointed" to the Divine Presence revealed then and the fact that even the babies and fetuses sang to G-d (Yerushalmi Sota 5:4).) In light of that exalted state, they merited for a moment the opening of the "curtain of history" masking the inner workings of Divine Providence.

To explain: On the intellectual plane, we know that "everything the Merciful One does is for the good" (Berachos 60b). But we do not always sense that on the level of experience and feeling. The different blessings pronounced on "good" news and "bad" news reflect this duality. However, in the perfect world of the future, Olam HaBa[2], we will praise G-d with the identical blessing of HaTov v'haMeitiv even for apparent evil. At that point, we will be able to feel and experience as well as cognitively know the latent good that was inherent in the seemingly evil events of Jewish history (See P'sachim 50a.)

The event and accompanying revelation of keriyas Yam Suf enabled the Jewish people, for a moment in history, to reach that same level of perception. They were able to sing to Hashem not only for the Exodus and miraculous salvation but even for all of the apparent evil. Moshe Rabbeinu led Klal Yisrael in this futuristic paean, singing it within the framework of Olam HaZeh - normally masked by the unclarity of our experience - since the "curtain" had been temporarily opened. Therefore, Moshe reflects back on his original usage of the word "az" when he expressed shock over apparent injustice and uses the same word at the time that he perceived how wrong he was to do so since he now realized that the seeming downturn together with all of the rest of the servitude and persecution in Egypt was just Good in disguise.[3]

Therefore the future tense is used. This song, although sung in the past, ultimately reflects a level of revelation that will be the norm in the world of the future, the time of the resurrection.

The ancient pagans, including the Egyptians, solved the problem of the seemingly opposing forces of good and evil by inventing a god of good and a god of evil. Sometimes one was victorious; at other times, the other was. But Bnei Yisrael were shown the truth: that Hashem Echad, the Yotzeir or u'Borei Ra (Yeshaya 45:7), managed both powers in the world which were all harnessed for the good. The last verse in the Song of the Sea seems not to be part of the song. "When the horses of Pharaoh came with his chariots and horsemen into the sea, Hashem returned the waters of the sea upon them. And the Jewish people walked on dry land in the seabed" (15:19). This verse seems to just describe the timing of the song, but yet it is written in the Torah in the same unique spacing style as the Song itself and is commonly recited in the P'sukei d'Zimra every day together with the rest of the Shira. Why? Rav Goldwicht explained that this event, where simultaneously good was occurring to the Jews and evil was wrought upon the Egyptians, expressed the unity of good and evil, of one Actor bringing about both. This was the main thrust of the song: that even evil is but a tool in G-d's hands to bring about the good.[4]

The final paragraph of Psalms consists of a description of various musical instruments being used to praise the Almighty. I once heard that this is the final song of history, when we will realize that, just as in a symphony, each instrument alone might even sound cacophonous, but, blended in with all of the other instruments, contributes to the beautiful music. So too, at the end of history, even the seemingly discordant notes of apparent evil will be understood and felt in their true form, as part of the good.

Faith and trust in the Master of Providence is a central feature of avodas Hashem. In our individual and national lives we experience moments of triumph, of success, of revealed good. But we also experience hesteir panim, apparent evil, when the world seems upside down, where evil seemingly succeeds and good seems, at least temporarily, vanquished. Yet we are called upon to constantly place our trust in HKB"H and rely on our cognitively knowing that ultimately all events are for the good. Our rich tradition also teaches us that this knowledge will ultimately be transformed into feeling and experience. Our daily recital of the Song of the Sea highlights the fact that this Song of the Future will once again become a reflection of our experience.

II

The mann indicated that all parnassa comes from Hashem. Even though the midbar experience was not a "regular" existence it highlighted that even for one whose livelihood is "ordinary", it is as if he is receiving the mann, sustained by G-d. Now, just as then, "the one who took more did not benefit; the one who took less did not lack" (16:18). We all get what G-d ordains for us.[5] In essence, then, the midbar experience taught the Jewish people that even when living an "ordinary" life, there is nothing ordinary about it. It is driven by specialized Divine Providence. In a similar way, even when encountering evil and hardship in the world, the knowledge of the experience of the Shirat HaYam teaches us that that something transcendent and unique is occurring - that one is living through special Divine Providence guiding us toward the perfect world when all will be clear.

The common denominator between Hashem's providential guidance of the good and evil in our lives and His providing our sustenance is that both require reflection and thought to realize and internalize. Perhaps this allows us to link the two interpretations quoted above given by Rashi to the opening verse, "Az yashir". Our hearts have to arouse and awaken us to sing to G-d, to recognize His hand in our lives. In this way, we constantly tap in to an echo of the great Shiras HaYam, the song that will be fully relevant in the future.

These examples of living in this world but realizing that something far greater than ourselves and what we experience is happening should guide us in living a fulfilling, G-d centered life knowing that the All-Knowing Master of Providence is always there guiding everything and holding us in His Divine embrace.

[1]Heard in a shiur at Yeshivat Kerem B'Yavneh. Also see Asufas Ma'arachos (Shemos), Beshalach (Shira) for much more elaboration. It is presented here with some personal additions.

[2]This might also refer to the Messianic era.

[3]Based on this, Rav Goldwicht homiletically explained the verse, "vaya'er es halayla"," and it [the fire] illuminated the night" (14:20). At that glorious moment, the night of exile was illuminated for the Jewish people. They felt, not just knew, that all the bitter tragedies of the Egyptian bondage were indeed for the good and appreciated the beauty of even the "night".

[4]See Amaleik, Kaddish, and the Unity of G-d's Name for further elaboration of this theme.

>[5]See Mann and Parnassa for further elaboration on the lessons of the mann.
You shall make yourself the Festival of Sukkoth for seven days, when you gather in [the produce] from your threshing floor and your vat.And you shall rejoice in your Festival-you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite, and the stranger, and the orphan, and the widow, who are within your cities
Duet 16:13-14

Offline muman613

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Re: Video Study for Parshat Beshalach : Nature is Hashems messenger
« Reply #4 on: January 29, 2015, 01:50:57 AM »
Rabbi Shafiers short shmuz on the portion...

You shall make yourself the Festival of Sukkoth for seven days, when you gather in [the produce] from your threshing floor and your vat.And you shall rejoice in your Festival-you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite, and the stranger, and the orphan, and the widow, who are within your cities
Duet 16:13-14

Offline muman613

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Re: Video Study for Parshat Beshalach : Nature is Hashems messenger
« Reply #5 on: January 29, 2015, 02:01:47 AM »
Here is a dvar Torah which explains the concept I am trying to convey from the subject of this thread 'Nature is Hashems Messenger'. It is a lesson I learned somewhere in my studies, but here Rabbi Tendler puts into words...

http://www.torah.org/learning/rabbis-notebook/5763/beshalach.html

Beshalach - Miraculous Nature

By Rabbi Aron Tendler

If asked to list the five greatest miracles of all time, most of us would include Kriyas Yam Suf - The Parting of The Sea. This is due to a variety of reasons. First of all, of all the miracle recorded in the Torah, it is probably the most famous. Secondly, its theatrical presentation has all the elements of a real "keeper."

For example, its setting: The stark, barren, emptiness of the desert in contrast with the watery expanse of the Red Sea assured that nothing would distract attention away from the miracle.

The players also worked really well together. On the one side, the most advanced civilization and powerful army of its time. On the other side, a just freed nation of slaves numbering in the millions.

The Egyptians, the bad guys, tore across the desert in a thundering spectacle of dust and noise. The Jews, the good guys, were caught between the proverbial rock and hard place without hope of escape or reprieve. At the last moment, the cavalry came to the rescue! A fiery cloud of smoke insinuated itself between the two sides throwing the Egyptians into confusion and disarray. With the Egyptian horde at bay, G-d prepared the miracle. By morning, the Jews had crossed through the parted sea, the Egyptians had been destroyed, and nature had returned to its norms. The bad guys had been punished, the good guys vindicated, justice had been served, and history had its miracle.

The Rabbis explained that the miracle of Kriyas Yam Suf (Parting of the Sea) was much more spectacular than what we have been told. The Medresh says that the sea didn't just split into two. It actually divided into 12 separate avenues - one for each tribe. The Medresh says that fresh fruit grew from the walls of seawater providing the Jews with refreshments while they made their way through the sea. G-d went so far as to make the seawater-walls transparent so that each tribe could see the other and not be afraid that they alone had survived.

However, the most interesting detail not generally known is that the Jews entered and exited the Yam Suf on the same side! The Talmud says that the parting of the waters happened in a semi-circle! (Let's see Universal Studios do that!) The Bnai Yisroel entered on the western shore of the Yam Suf and exited on the same western shore! The only thing that was accomplished in the course of the miracle was the destruction of the Egyptians and the revelation of G-d's awesome power and majesty.

This means that the Jews did not have to cross the Yam Suf to get to the Promised Land. G-d could have led them along the Mediterranean shoreline through the land of the Pilishtim and they would have arrived much sooner and not come anywhere near to the Yam Suf. This means that from the start G-d led them in a circuitous direction for the sole purpose of destroying the Egyptians!

There are many methods available to G-d if He desires to punish and destroy. Why did He specifically choose the parting of the sea for Egypt's punishments?

I believe that G-d designed Kriyas Yam Suf to be the premier miracle of all time and to teach us the essence of how we must relate to G-d as Creator of the universe.

Let me start with the aftermath of the miracle. Following their miraculous deliverance, Moshe Rabbeinu led the Bnai Yisroel in a spontaneous outpouring of recognition and praise for the Almighty. The singing of Shira (song) could only have happened if at the moment of singing, the Jew had been elevated to the level of angels. Just as angels have absolute recognition of G-d and acceptance of their individual and collective responsibilities to follow His commands, so too the Bnai Yisroel attained the very same absolute recognition and acceptance.

This national singing of Shira appears to have been a one-time in history event. I would like to suggest that we consider Kriyas Yam Suf, and for that matter all recorded one-time events, as the exceptions that teach us the rule. In this instance the lesson to be learned was that as revealed as G-d was at the time of Kriyas Yam Suf is as revealed as G-d is at all times. In essence, the greatest miracle of all was no greater a miracle than anything else that happens in nature or in history. If we have the correct perspective, we can conclude that existence, as we know it, is one endless miracle. Nature, as we know of it, is but one continuous revelation of G-d's awesome majesty, no less or more than the spectacle of Kriyas Yam Suf.

What is a miracle and does it differ from nature? Rabbi Dessler discusses this question in his essay "Nature and Miracle" and references the miracle of the Exodus in support of his thesis. Rabbi Dessler posits that we commonly consider the world from the perspective of cause and effect. The comfort of cause and effect is the assumption that so long as we follow the prescribed formula (cause) we should be able to predict and control the outcome (effect).

Individuals who subscribe to this philosophy consider themselves as partners with G-d in running the world. True, it is G-d Who created the universe and all the opportunities. It is G-d Who gave them individual talents and abilities. It is G-d Who designed each of their lives and ordered them to allow for success and failure. However, it was individuals who initiated the ambition and effort to advance G-d's gifts into the natural stream of cause and effect. It was up to them to start the natural process of cause and effect that resulted in predictable and controllable outcomes.

Regarding this perspective Rav Dessler writes, "People on this level subscribe to the philosophy of partnership. They place themselves beside G-d in the running of the world. In spite of all their talk about "faith" and "trust in G-d", denial is deeply rooted in their hearts. Deep down they are convinced that "My strength and the might of my hand have made me all this wealth". (Michtav M'Eliyahu 1, pg. 181).

A truer perception of G-d's relationship to nature concludes that nature is G-d's tool for running the world. It ascribes all things, ambition, effort, and accomplishment directly to G-d's intervention and doing. However, this perspective still assumes that nature itself exists. It assumes that nature has substance and actuality as the tool wielded by G-d to maintain His universe.

Regarding this perspective Rav Dessler shared his Father-in-Law's analogy. Imagine looking into a room through the keyhole of the door. The keyhole limits the field of vision so that all that is visible is a pen writing on a piece of paper. Nothing else is visible, not the table and not the hand of the writer. The person who denies G-d concludes that the pen is magically able to write by itself. However, once the door is fully opened and the writer is revealed, it is clear that the pen is only a tool at the disposal of the writer. So too, the one who believes in nature as G-d's tool sees all of nature as the pen in the hand of G-d. He concludes that all things are done and controlled by G-d.

Rav Dessler writes that although this person has a truer perception of G-d, nevertheless he still believe that nature, like the pen, has its own independent existence. It exists as the tool in the hand of the Creator.

A much truer perspective presents that nature only exists to obscure our clear vision of G-d. G-d does not use nature as tool to wield His might and power. G-d has no need for nature or for anything physical. Whatever He wills comes into immediate existence. Nature, as we perceive it, challenges our ability to understand this concept. What we see as actual and substantial is only an illusion of sorts that obscures the reality of G-d's absolute unity and oneness with all things.

The highest level of perception and belief is the understanding that nature is a destructive force in our perception of G-d. We were created for the sole purpose of recognizing and sanctifying the name of G-d. That means that whatever we do or do not do must proclaim His absolute sovereignty in the universe. What would be a greater expression of G-d's power; a person who eats and therefore survives or the person who does not eat and yet remains perfectly strong and healthy? Obviously, the one who does not eat and yet survives is a greater revelation of G-d than the fact that we eat and remain healthy! That is what Rav Dessler means by nature obscuring G-d and being a destructive force. Our need to eat presumes that it is food and nutrition that keeps us alive and healthy when in truth it is not hydration or nutrition but the direct will of G-d that allows us to live.

If Rav Dessler is right in his thesis why don't we just stop eating and see what happens?

The reason we have to eat in order to survive is because we distinguish between the miraculous and the natural. We are not on a level where we are willing to act on Rav Dessler's perspective. In fact, Rav Dessler himself wasn't on the level where he was willing to act on his own thesis. As a physical being he too harbored the mistaken assumption that nature has actuality. Rav Dessler writes extensively about the difficulties in attaining the third perspective. As products of the illusion we call nature, it demands extraordinary trust to act on such a fundamentally challenging belief. Only a handful of people in history have ever been able to do so.

The illusion of nature is a necessity for most of us without which we would not have freewill. However, that is not the way it has to be. The few who attain this exalted level, the level Moshe Rabbeinu, can just as well exist without eating as they do with eating. "Forty days I was with G-d without eating bread or drinking water.." They are the few who attain the level of the angels.

I would like to suggest that the Parting of the Sea was a moment in history that was so beyond the norm, so spectacular, that the entire nation was catapulted past the illusion of the natural into the realm of the heavenly and the miraculous. At that moment the veil of nature was lifted to reveal the actuality of G-d's absolute unity and oneness. The nation as a whole had no other choice but to collectively proclaim in spontaneous Shira (the song of angels), "This is my G-d and I will exalt Him.." (15:2)

Copyright © 2002 by Rabbi Aron Tendler and Project Genesis, Inc.
You shall make yourself the Festival of Sukkoth for seven days, when you gather in [the produce] from your threshing floor and your vat.And you shall rejoice in your Festival-you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite, and the stranger, and the orphan, and the widow, who are within your cities
Duet 16:13-14

Offline muman613

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Re: Video Study for Parshat Beshalach : Nature is Hashems messenger
« Reply #6 on: January 29, 2015, 10:09:49 PM »

http://www.torah.org/advanced/sfas-emes/5767/beshalach.html

Parshas Beshalach   
Sfas Emes, zechuso tagein aleinu, Beshalach, 5631

The Sfas Emes begins this ma'amar with a reference to the first paragraph of Medrash Rabba on the posuk "Ahz yashir..". (Shemos, 15:1) (ArtScroll: "Then Moses and the Children of Israel chose to sing ..."). That Medrash, in turn, quotes the posuk in Tehillim (93:2): "nachon kis'acha mei'ahz, mei'olam ata" (ArtScroll: "Your throne is established from of old; eternal are You".) This posuk, with its mention of "mei'ahz," clearly echoes the "ahz" of "Ahz yashir". The Sfas Emes takes it for granted that we are aware that the focus on the word "ahz" is an immediate tip-off. . Tip-off to what?

Tip-off to the fact that we are dealing here with phenomena that are "lema'ala min hateva" (i.e., above nature, supernatural -- "super" being the Latin for "above". How do we know that we are in the realm of lema'ala min hateva? The letters of the word "ahz" have the numerical value of 8. (How so? Alef == 1; Zayin == 7; 7+1=8.) And the number 8 is often an indicator of special kedusha (sanctity) status. Thus, bris milah takes place on the eighth day after birth. Likewise, the festival of Shemini Atzeres -- the eighth day of Yom Tov -- has so much intrinsic kedusha that we have no need for "visual aids" like a sukka or arba minim.

But much more is going on here than the word "ahz" and its remez (hint) to the supernatural. The Sfas Emes is reading the word kis'acha" in the posuk just cited (Tehillim, 93:2) as related to the word "michseh" -- i.e., a cover. Thus, he understands the posuk as telling us that HaShem's presence in the world is covered; i.e., not apparent to our eyes. In the same vein, that posuk continues with the phrase "mei'olam ahta". Those words are clearly alluding to the word "he'eleim" -- "hidden". And they are informing us that HaShem's Presence is usually not evident to the unaided eye.

This is the context within which the splitting of Yam Suf took place. The Sfas Emes tells us that with that extraordinary event, HaShem's Presence in the world was revealed to all observers. Thus, when B'nei Yisroel saw HaShem's intervention in human affairs, they could say shira. For the moment, at least, the hester was gone!

The Sfas Emes notes that this feature of our people's experience -- the fact that we could now say shira -- provides an answer to a puzzling question. Why does the Torah use the phrase "Ahz yashir" to tell us what happened? If the Torah wanted to say that Moshe and B'nei Yisroel sang, the text should say: "Ahz shar," not "Ahz yashir!"

(A note on grammar. "Shar" is the past tense of binyan kal, the basic construction for verbs. Hence, as just noted, "Moshe sang" would be "Ahz shar Moshe". The construction that the Torah uses -- "yashir" -- is (in the text's pshat/simple meaning) the future tense of binyan kal. That is, "Ahz yashir Moshe " translates as "Moshe will sing". In the text's simple pshat, the Torah uses the future tense here as a form of poetic embellishment, but with the meaning of "sang". In fact, I checked three different English-language translations of the Chumash on this phrase. All three translate " yashir" in this clause as "sang".)

The Sfas Emes gives a radically new answer to the question of why the Torah says "yashir" rather than "shar". As noted, the construction "yashir" is the future tense of binyan kal. But "yashir" can also be the future tense of the "causative" construction -- binyan hif'il. For the verb "shir" (to sing), the hif'il construction -- i.e., to cause to sing -- is also "yashir!" This fact of grammar enables the Sfas Emes to read the words "Ahz yashir" as: "cause to sing".

Whom did Moshe and B'nei Yisroel cause to sing? The Sfas Emes answers: All of Creation! The Sfas Emes refers us here to the "Perek Shira," a text found at the beginning of the Otzar Tefilos Siddur, as well as in some Nusach Sefard siddurim. Perek Shira presents the divrei shevach vehodaya (i.e., the words of praise and gratitude) which all of HaShem's Creation sing every day.

Thus, we find in PerekShira the p'sukim that some 100 creatures - from the eagle to the mouse and to the ant -- as well as phenomena such as lightning, clouds, and the dew sing. In other words, the Sfas Emes is telling us that when Moshe and B'nei Yisroel sang, they caused the entire Cosmos to sing with shevach vehodaya to HaShem.

By singing shira, Moshe and B'nei Yisroel expressed their recognition that all existence comes from HaShem. Further, by their action, Moshe and B'nei Yisroel evoked a similar reaction throughout Creation. The whole cosmos recognized that it, too, exists only from the life that HaShem gives it every day. Resonating with Moshe and B'nei Yisroel, the whole world sang Shira of -- and to -- HaShem!

A fair question at this point: if the entire Cosmos is singing shira, why don't we hear it ? Two answers come to mind. One possibility is that indeed, all Creation is singing, but we don't hear this shira. Why not? For the same reason that we do not hear the bas kol that emanates each day from Har Chorev (Pirkei Avos,6,2) and says: "Oi lahem laberiyos mei'elbona shel Torah". ("Woe is humankind because of the insulting way with which they treat the Torah".) That is, in fact, the whole world is singing to HaShem. But unfortunately, we a re not tuned in to the Cosmic channel.

Another answer works with the hif'il (causative) dimension of "yashir". Thus, the Cosmos sang because B'nei Yisroel sang. The Cosmos is not singing now because we are not singing. A person may object at this point, and point out that we say 'pesukei de'zimra ('verses of song') in our daily Shacharis davening. In fact, therein lies the problem -- that we say pesukei de'zimra rather than sing it!

Why are we not singing? Because we rarely penetrate the Hester, and therefore are not really aware of HaShem's Omnipresence. In line with this perspective, we can appreciate the Sfas Emes's frequent references to Hester. That is, we can view the Sfas Emes' constant mention of hester as designed to enable us to see through the hester and thus enable us to sing. You may not have thought of the Sfas Emes as a music master, but that he is.

The Sfas Emes left us five paragraphs of notes on parshas Beshalach for the year 5631. To get an idea of the incredible wealth of his thought, be aware that I have attempted to present here only one of his five paragraphs of the year 5631.. That is, I have left unsaid four times as much as I have tried to present...

The Sfas Emes concludes this paragraph -- the first of the five -- with some thoughts about Shabbos. He tells us that we can bring the light of Shabbos into the weekdays. Indeed, extending the kedusha of Shabbos to the days of the week is the essence ("ikar") of "shemiras Shabbos" (Sabbath observance)!

In the same vein, the Sfas Emes cites a Medrash Rabba (25:12) on this parsha. The Medrash says: "If B'nei Yisoel would observe the Shabbos properly afilu yom echod (even one day), Moshiach would come. Why do I say "in the same vein?" Because the Sfas Emes reads this Medrash in an utterly non-conventional way, but in a way which is consistent with what he has just said.

Thus, the conventional way of understanding this Medrash is: If we would observe one Shabbos -- on Shabbos -- properly,..Moshach would come.. By contrast, the Sfas Emes reads the text as telling us thatthe "afilu yom echod" -- even one day - applies to a weekday. For the Sfas Emes views true Shabbos observance as extending the light -- and sanctity -- of Shabbos to the weekdays!
You shall make yourself the Festival of Sukkoth for seven days, when you gather in [the produce] from your threshing floor and your vat.And you shall rejoice in your Festival-you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite, and the stranger, and the orphan, and the widow, who are within your cities
Duet 16:13-14