About Going Up To The Temple Mount

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http://www.rabbimanning.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Going-Up-To-Temple-Mount.pdf

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Another article on this issue
http://halachicadventures.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Har-Habayitsummer200969-4.pdf

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http://triumphpro.com/temple-new-site-gs.pdf

The Location of the Temple and the Holy of
Holies on the Temple Mount:
The Present Dome of the Rock is the Location of the Temple
The Rock Which is Under the Dome of the Rock is the
Location of the Holy of Holies

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Warning! the following video relies heavily on Josephus, who is just a historian. Not only that but it is unclear to what degree the copyists of Josephus inserted wrong or biased info to fit an agenda or to what degree the copyists over the centuries were just plain sloppy.
In any case I heard that it was the view of the Vilna Gaon that Josephus could shed some further light on how the Temple in Herod's time was built and operated.

The following video is a 3d reconstruction of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, as it looked 2000 years ago, at the conclusion of king Herod's expansion project. based on Flavius' writings, according to the research of Dr. Joshua Peleg, Bar Ilan University.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fymffT1M5bg

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If your Rabbi allows you to go to the Temple Mount or you haven't asked anyone yet and you are thinking of asking  a Pro-Temple Mount Rabbi.
Here is a video you might find helpful.
Title of the Video: Rabbi Moshe Dovid Tendler on the Temple Mount
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cw91yrKuQec&spfreload=10

I suggest you contact Rabbi Chaim Richman of the Temple Institute, "Machon Hamikdash" to ask about the details of the preparations one has to make (such as immersion in a mikva in accordance with halacha) before visiting the Temple Mount.
It is best for someone going the first time to go with someone who has already been there and knows what to do and to inform you which areas are off limits, because there are areas that demand higher levels of purification than just immersion in a mikva, before you can enter them, under normal circumstances.

You should be aware that most (but not all) of the Charedi Rabbis and those that control the Chief Rabbinate are for various reasons against going to the Temple Mount. Some of them are afraid of angering the Arabs. Some claim we might know well enough which areas are permitted to us and which is it a sin to enter. Some claim that for going to the Temple Mount you need a 7 day purification process, with a dip in a Maayan and not just a mikva. Some claim that by religious Jews going up who follow all the rules, this will encourage non-religious Jews who don't follow all the purification rules, etc. to go up to the Mount and they want to claim, we have to take the reactions of the not-so religious into account. Some say the nation has to be on a greater spiritual level as a whole before we can encourage people to go, etc. etc.

Concerning non-Charedi Orthodox Rabbis, I don't believe there is a consensus about the Temple Mount, at least here in Israel, one way or the other.

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Here is a link to another informative article about the Temple Mount
http://www.hakirah.org/Vol%2010%20Messner.pdf